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Sulfur dioxide (SO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) treatment is used widely to mitigate these postharvest losses; however, the biological mechanisms underlying its preservative effects remain poorly understood. This study aimed to elucidate how SO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      preserves postharvest fruit quality by modulating energy metabolism in \u2018Munage\u2019 grape berries (\n                      <jats:italic>Vitis vinifera<\/jats:italic>\n                      L. \u2018Munage\u2019).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Sulfur dioxide fumigation (500\u2009\u03bcL\u2009L\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) effectively maintained the visual quality of grapes during 60\u2009days of storage at 0\u2009\u00b0C, reducing decay incidence and delaying firmness loss. It also preserved soluble solids content and titratable acidity. Further analysis showed that SO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      treatment maintained cellular energy status by upregulating the expression of energy metabolism\u2010related genes, enhancing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) kinase (NADK) activity, increasing the H\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2010ATPase, Ca\n                      <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2010ATPase, and cytochrome c oxidase activity, and delaying the decline in energy charge. Sulfur dioxide also elevated cellular levels of key TCA cycle intermediates (pyruvate, citrate, malate, and succinate) through modulation of enzymatic activity and gene expression. Transmission electron microscopy showed that SO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      preserved mitochondrial membrane integrity and cristae structure while reducing 8\u2010hydroxy\u20102\u2032\u2010deoxyguanosine (8\u2010OHdG) accumulation and mitochondrial swelling.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Sulfur dioxide treatment delayed postharvest quality deterioration in grapes by modulating the TCA cycle, preserving mitochondrial structure and function, and mitigating cellular energy loss. These findings provide mechanistic insights into the preservative role of SO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      and support its application to improve the storability and marketability of table grapes. \u00a9 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.70861","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T03:57:26Z","timestamp":1783396646000},"page":"8524-8538","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Sulfur dioxide delays quality deterioration by maintaining energy metabolism and mitochondrial structure in postharvest table grapes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"106","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-1179-6338","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yige","family":"Zheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Science and 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