{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T12:17:32Z","timestamp":1787919452471,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787875200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787875200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Sci Food Agric"],"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n Quinoa has gained global attention as a climate\u2010resilient crop with high nutritional value and strong potential to enhance food security. Quinoa seeds are characterized by high\u2010quality protein with a balanced essential amino acid profile and are rich in dietary fiber, vitamins, essential minerals, healthy lipids and bioactive compounds. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of boiling and steaming on the nutritional and antinutritional properties of five quinoa genotypes grown in two contrasting regions.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n Both environmental and genetic factors significantly affected key agronomic traits, with clear genotype\u2009\u00d7 environment interactions. Overall, Q3 exhibited the best nutritional profile across both regions, combining high protein, starch, vitamin E, antioxidant capacity and the lowest levels of antinutritional compounds (saponins, tannins and phytic acid). By contrast, Q5 showed the least favorable profile, characterized by low yield, high saponin and tannin contents, and less consistent nutritional improvements after processing. Steaming consistently preserved or enhanced protein content, soluble sugars, polyphenols, flavonoids and DPPH (i.e. 2,2\u2010diphenyl\u20101\u2010picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity across all genotypes and sites, with the greatest protein increases observed in genotypes Q4 and Q5 from the northern site. By contrast, boiling significantly reduced protein, soluble sugar, starch, polyphenol and flavonoid contents in most genotypes. Both boiling and steaming significantly reduced phytic acid content at the same time as inducing genotype\u2010 and site\u2010dependent changes in saponin and tannin levels.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n \n These results demonstrate the strong genotype\u2010dependent effects of thermal processing and provide new insights into the interactions between genotype, environment and cooking method in shaping the nutritional composition of quinoa seeds. \u00a9 2026 The Author(s).\n Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture<\/jats:italic>\n published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.71022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T11:48:31Z","timestamp":1787917711000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Interactive effects of cooking method, genotype and environment on nutritional and antinutritional quality of quinoa (\n Chenopodium quinoa<\/i>\n Willd<\/scp>\n .) seeds"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"given":"Rahma","family":"Goussi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria Hammam\u2010Lif Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rim Ben","family":"Youssef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria Hammam\u2010Lif Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamza","family":"Gadhoumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria Hammam\u2010Lif Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hatem Ben","family":"Jouira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria Hammam\u2010Lif Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5657-6007","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arafet","family":"Manaa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria Hammam\u2010Lif Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.70260","article-title":"A global review of the impacts of climate change and variability on agricultural productivity and farmers' adaptation strategies","volume":"13","author":"Abebaw SE","year":"2025","journal-title":"Food Sci Nutr"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/agronomy13010162","article-title":"A critical review of climate change impact at a global scale on cereal crop 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