{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T07:50:42Z","timestamp":1791359442608,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791331200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791331200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Sci Food Agric"],"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n \n Nanoparticulate systems offer an effective strategy for the targeted delivery of agrochemicals and for enhancing their efficacy. This study aimed to synthesize and characterize gibberellic acid (GA\n 3<\/jats:sub>\n )\u2010loaded poly(\n d,l<\/jats:sc>\n \u2010lactic\u2010\n co<\/jats:italic>\n \u2010glycolic acid) nanoparticles (PLGA NPs) and to evaluate the effects of their application on the flower clusters of\n Vitis vinifera<\/jats:italic>\n L. Thompson Seedless in terms of bunch and berry characteristics.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n \n GA\n 3<\/jats:sub>\n \u2010loaded PLGA NPs exhibited an average particle size of 217.7\u2009\u00b1\u20094.2\u2009nm, a zeta potential of \u221216.2\u2009\u00b1\u20091.74\u2009mV and a polydispersity index of 0.294\u2009\u00b1\u20090.015. The reaction yield, encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity were determined as 27.14%, 51.02% and 67.13%, respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis confirmed the successful incorporation of GA\n 3<\/jats:sub>\n into the PLGA matrix, whereas release studies demonstrated that 65% of the encapsulated GA\n 3<\/jats:sub>\n was released within 96\u2009h, followed by a markedly slower release. Field applications demonstrated that GA\n 3<\/jats:sub>\n \u2010loaded PLGA NPs significantly increased cluster weight (104%) and length (67%) compared to free GA\n 3<\/jats:sub>\n treatment, whereas berry weight, length and width increased by 15%, 4% and 13%, respectively. The treatment also significantly enhanced total soluble solids and titratable acidity, indicating improved fruit ripening. Unlike conventional GA\n 3<\/jats:sub>\n applications, which may reduce pedicel detachment force in some cultivars, the nanoparticle formulation increased detachment resistance by 8% and 25% compared to the control and free GA\n 3<\/jats:sub>\n treatments, respectively, suggesting reduced risk of post\u2010harvest berry drop.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n \n The findings provide the first evidence that GA\n 3<\/jats:sub>\n \u2010loaded PLGA NPs can improve grape yield and quality parameters and highlight their potential as a promising and environmentally friendly approach for sustainable agricultural production. \u00a9 2026 The Author(s).\n Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture<\/jats:italic>\n published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.71082","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T07:02:13Z","timestamp":1791356533000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Polymeric nano\u2010delivery of gibberellic acid enhances fruit quality, yield and pedicel strength in grapevine (\n \n Vitis vinifera<\/i>\n <\/scp>\n L.)"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0542-5118","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Semiha","family":"Eri\u015fen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Yildiz Technical University Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caner","family":"Ert\u00fcrk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Yildiz Technical 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