{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,24]],"date-time":"2024-08-24T21:18:47Z","timestamp":1724534327449},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,6]],"date-time":"2015-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1428278400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Surgical Oncology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>More superficially located tumors may be more likely than deeper tumors to metastasize to the axillary nodes via the lymphatics. The aim of this study was to determine whether breast cancer distance from the skin affects axillary node metastasis, ipsilateral breast cancer recurrence, or recurrence\u2010free survival.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 1,005 consecutive patients with breast cancer who underwent surgery between January 2003 and December 2009 were selected. The distance of the tumor from the skin was measured from the skin to the most anterior hypoechoic leading edge of the lesion.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In total, 603 (68%) patients had no axillary nodal metastasis, and 288 (32%) had axillary nodal metastasis. A breast cancer distance from the skin &lt;3\u2009mm induced more axillary nodal metastasis (<jats:italic>P\u2009<\/jats:italic>=\u20090.039). However, no significant correlation was observed between breast cancer distance from the skin &lt;3\u2009mm and ipsilateral breast cancer recurrence (<jats:italic>P\u2009<\/jats:italic>=\u20090.788) or recurrence\u2010free survival (<jats:italic>P\u2009<\/jats:italic>=\u20090.353).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Breast cancers located closer to the skin had a higher incidence of axillary nodal metastasis. Therefore, tumor distance from the skin should be considered when evaluating a patient with breast cancer and considering the risk of nodal metastasis. <jats:italic>J. Surg. Oncol. 2015 111:824\u2013828<\/jats:italic>. \u00a9 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.23898","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,6]],"date-time":"2015-04-06T14:10:48Z","timestamp":1428329448000},"page":"824-828","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["The distance between breast cancer and the skin is associated with axillary nodal metastasis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"111","author":[{"given":"Yong Hwa","family":"Eom","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Seoul St. Mary's Hospital College of Medicine The Catholic University of Korea Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eun Jin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Seoul St. Mary's Hospital College of Medicine The Catholic University of Korea Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Byung 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