{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T21:37:36Z","timestamp":1781300256640,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,3]],"date-time":"2016-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1475452800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Surgical Oncology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Both enchondroma and atypical cartilaginous tumors (ACT) are not considered malignant, so inactive and asymptomatic tumors might not need surgery. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that has been done to evaluate the natural course of conservative\u2010treated enchondroma and ACT in the long bones.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>For this retrospective study, we analyzed the results of patients in whom we refrained from surgery and only regularly performed radiological follow\u2010up of the tumor. Minimal follow\u2010up after initial diagnosis was 24 months.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Forty\u2010nine patients were included in this study. Eight out of forty\u2010nine cases received surgical treatment during follow\u2010up of the tumor. The reasons for this surgery were radiologic growth of the tumor in two cases, pain in one case, patient request in three cases, another indication for surgery in the same limb in two cases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this small series of conservatively treated enchondroma and ACT, only 6% of the patients had a medical indication for surgery. This study shows that indication for surgery should be discussed more thoroughly. Based on our results, we would recommend annual radiologic follow\u2010up for asymptomatic enchondroma or ACT in the long bones, irrespective of tumor size. <jats:italic>J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;114:987\u2013991<\/jats:italic>. \u00a9 2016 The Authors. <jats:italic>Journal of Bone and Mineral Research<\/jats:italic> Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.24465","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,7]],"date-time":"2016-10-07T15:53:12Z","timestamp":1475855592000},"page":"987-991","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":80,"title":["Radiologic follow\u2010up of untreated enchondroma and atypical cartilaginous tumors in the long bones"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"114","author":[{"given":"Claudia","family":"Deckers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics Radboudumc Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bart H.W.","family":"Schreuder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics Radboudumc Nijmegen The 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