{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T02:27:09Z","timestamp":1740104829619,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,1]],"date-time":"2018-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1525132800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Surgical Oncology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a lethal disease with high incidence among Hispanics. Overall survival (OS) among races\/ethnicities has not been described using the most recent National Cancer Database. This study hypothesized that prognosis is worse for Hispanics compared to similar non\u2010Hispanic populations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with GBC were identified from the National Cancer Database and categorized as White, Black, Hispanic, and Other. Descriptive statistics, OS, and Cox regression were examined.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study identified 12\u2009952 patients. Median age was 71 years and 68.8% were female. The study characterized 69.8% White, 13.9% Black, 11.0% Hispanic, and 5.4% other patients. A 5\u2010year OS curves differed, with survival highest in Hispanic patients (27% vs 23% Other, 18% White, and 17% Black, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Hispanics presented at younger ages (67 vs 72 years, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), were more likely to be uninsured (17.3% vs 3.9% <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), had lower income (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and education levels (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) compared to Whites. Following multivariable modeling, treatment at an academic facility (HR 0.90, 95%CI 0.84\u20100.97) and year of diagnosis (HR 0.90, 95%CI 0.88\u20100.92) related to survival. Hispanic ethnicity did not show significance (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.207).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hispanic ethnicity exhibits the highest OS for GBC, but after adjusting for covariates, this influence is not significant.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.25050","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,1]],"date-time":"2018-05-01T14:19:10Z","timestamp":1525184350000},"page":"1664-1671","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Gallbladder carcinoma: An analysis of the national cancer data base to examine hispanic influence"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"117","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1851-9084","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chrissy","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Surgical Oncology Department of Surgery Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6827-6842","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicholas G.","family":"Berger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Surgical Oncology Department of Surgery Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Rein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biostatistics Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sergey","family":"Tarima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biostatistics Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Callisia","family":"Clarke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Surgical Oncology Department of Surgery Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5743-1424","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Harveshp","family":"Mogal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Surgical Oncology Department of Surgery Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kathleen K.","family":"Christians","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Surgical Oncology Department of Surgery Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Surgical Oncology Department of Surgery Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7580-9961","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"T. Clark","family":"Gamblin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Surgical Oncology Department of Surgery Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sla.0000219737.81943.4e"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","first-page":"99","article-title":"Gallbladder cancer: epidemiology and outcome","volume":"6","author":"Hundal R","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/967472"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/canjclin.49.3.145"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/OTT.S106580"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(19981215)83:12<2618::AID-CNCR29>3.0.CO;2-H"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.1044"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21314"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-016-0124-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.23568"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","unstructured":"Gallbladder Cancer [Internet]. Alexandria: American Society of Clinical Oncology; c2005\u20102018. Gallbladder Cancer: Statistics; 2017 April [cited 2018 February]; [about 1 screen]. 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