{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T02:24:17Z","timestamp":1790821457001,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,18]],"date-time":"2024-04-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713398400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Surgical Oncology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>World Health Organization defined pheochromocytomas\/paragangliomas (PPGL) as malignant tumors in 2017 because the existing classification system could not reflect locally aggressive behavior sufficiently. However, predicting the likelihood of metastasis remains a crucial part of the treatment strategy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>From one tertiary care hospital and one\u00a0secondary hospital, 97 PPGL cases were selected. Medical records of PPGL cases with the presence of formalin\u2010fixed and paraffin\u2010embedded (FFPE) tissue of primary lesion were reviewed. For FFPE tissues, a nCounter assay was conducted to determine differently expressed genes between metastatic and non\u2010metastatic PPGL groups. Performances of prediction models for the likelihood of metastasis were calculated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of a total of 97 PPGL cases, 39, 20, and 38 were classified as benign, malignant, and validation, respectively. In the nCounter assay, <jats:italic>CDK1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>TYMS<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>TOP2A<\/jats:italic> genes showed significant differences in expression. Tumor size was positively correlated with <jats:italic>CDK1<\/jats:italic> expression level. The Lasso regression model showed supreme performance of sensitivity 91.7% and specificity 95.5% when those significant factors were considered.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Machine learning of multi\u2010modal classifiers can be used to create a prediction model for metastasis of PPGL with high sensitivity and specificity using nCounter assay. Moreover, <jats:italic>CDK1<\/jats:italic> inhibitors could be considered for developing drug treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.27653","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,18]],"date-time":"2024-04-18T09:53:35Z","timestamp":1713434015000},"page":"1481-1489","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Prediction model for pheochromocytoma\/paraganglioma using nCounter assay"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"129","author":[{"given":"Young Lyun","family":"Oh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sun\u2010Ju","family":"Byeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Yuseong Sun Hospital Daejeon Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8661-0023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yong Joon","family":"Suh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital Anyang Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.1500681"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddaa201"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2017.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","volume-title":"WHO Classification of Tumours of Endocrine Organs","author":"Lloyd RV","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12022-022-09704-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annonc.2020.08.2099"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MED.0000000000000476"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2007-0709"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-14-2804"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-200205000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/ERC-13-0494"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms7044"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","first-page":"769","article-title":"The systems of metastatic potential prediction in pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma","volume":"10","author":"Wang Y","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0090133"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","unstructured":"BergslandE GoldnerWS BensonAB et al. 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