{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,13]],"date-time":"2023-11-13T05:40:32Z","timestamp":1699854032504},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,19]],"date-time":"2006-07-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1153267200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":10791,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Surgical Oncology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1977,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Recent studies have shown that antibody in the serum of patients with carcinoma of the breast reacts with two distinct antigens obtained from breast cancer tissue. Hence, there are two antibodies. The first antibody reacts against the Fc fragment of immunoglobulin and is also found in the sera of patients with benign breast disease and certain inflammatory lesions and, therefore, does not seem to have any significant meaning for the patient with carcinoma of the breast. The second antibody is directed against the Fab fragment of human immunoglobulin that is found in breast cancer tissue. Recent experiments have shown that in immunodiffusion tests, this autoantibody reacts not with normal IgG(Fab), but rather with heat\u2010aggregated IgG(Fab). It is thought that tumor\u2010associated antibodies react with antigens on the tumor cell surface. Intracellular enzymes then proceed to fragment the attached antibody, leaving the Fab fragments attached on the cell surface. With intact immunosurveillance, the host appreciates this altered immunoglobulin (Fab). It is suggested that the autoantibody then formed against this fragment reacts with the fragment attached to the tumor cell, thereby allowing the tumor cell to be destroyed. Clinical data supporting this hypothesis are derived from the fact that 9 patients having this autoantibody to the Fab fragment are alive at 1 year after their carcinoma of the breast.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.2930090106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,20]],"date-time":"2007-02-20T03:22:21Z","timestamp":1171941741000},"page":"29-37","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Autoantibodies to an altered IgG in human breast cancer"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"L. J.","family":"Humphrey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P. J.","family":"Volenec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F. J.","family":"Volenec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Cross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.113.3.948","article-title":"Generation of non\u2010complement\u2010fixing, blockins factors by lysosomal extract treatment of cytotoxic anti\u2010tumor antibodies","volume":"113","author":"Dauphinee M. J.","year":"1974","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","first-page":"22","article-title":"A fetal antigen in human tumors detected by a precipitating antibody in the serum of cancer patients","volume":"11","author":"Edynak E. M.","year":"1970","journal-title":"Proc. Amer. Assn. 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G.","year":"1972"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1699-0463.1953.tb00247.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","first-page":"2764","article-title":"Estrogen receptor in normal and neoplastic mouse mammary tissues","volume":"34","author":"Richards J. E.","year":"1974","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000228215"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(197503)35:3<580::AID-CNCR2820350304>3.0.CO;2-D"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","first-page":"83","volume-title":"Human Anti\u2010Human Gammaglobulins. Their Specificity and Function","author":"Waller M.","year":"1969"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","first-page":"289","article-title":"Tumor\u2010bound immunoglobulins: their possible role in circumventing antitumor immunity","volume":"3","author":"Witz I. P.","year":"1974","journal-title":"Johns Hopkins Med. 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