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However, uncertainty persists regarding the optimal surgical approach, partly due to heterogeneity in outcome reporting, which hinders data synthesis and evidence\u2010based decision\u2010making. To address this, a core outcome set (COS) for oesophageal cancer surgery was developed through international consensus among clinicians and patients. This study systematically evaluates the uptake of these core outcomes in contemporary surgical research. A systematic review was conducted of randomised controlled trials and prospective cohort studies investigating oesophagectomy for oesophageal cancer, published between 2010 and 2024. The reporting of ten COS\u2010recommended outcomes was assessed across eligible studies. Fifty\u2010eight studies involving 22\u2009260 patients were included (39 cohort studies; 19 RCTs). No study reported all 10 core outcomes. The median number of core outcomes reported was 4 (interquartile range 3\u20135). The frequency of individual core outcome reporting was as follows: in\u2010hospital mortality (86%), conduit necrosis\/leak (81%), respiratory complications (79%), overall survival (30%), ability to eat and drink (44%), quality of life (26%), inoperability (23%), reflux symptoms (21%), severe nutritional effects (19%), and need for reintervention (16%). No improvement in core outcome reporting was observed over the study period. Promoting COS implementation and improving methodological rigour is essential to ensure that future research reflects the priorities of both clinicians and patients, and facilitates meaningful evidence synthesis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.70173","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T05:58:54Z","timestamp":1767851934000},"page":"389-405","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Systematic Mapping Review of Core Outcome Reporting in Surgical Research for Oesophageal Cancer"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"133","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1113-1167","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nadia","family":"Matias","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oesophago\u2010Gastric and Bariatric Surgery, Salford Royal Hospital Northern Care Alliance, Stott Lane Salford 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