{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T06:23:59Z","timestamp":1791872639800,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,12]],"date-time":"2026-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783814400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,12]],"date-time":"2026-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783814400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Surgical Oncology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Rates and predictors of open conversion at robotic adrenalectomy (rRA) are unknown.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We identified patients treated with rRA (National Inpatient Sample 2009\u20102019). First, temporal trends in open conversion were assessed using Estimated Annual Percentage Changes (EAPC). Second, multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify predictors of open conversion during rRA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of 2,292 rRA patients, 286 (12.0%) underwent open conversion. The rates of open conversion decreased over time from 39.2% to 10.2% over the study span (EAPC \u221215.9%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.0003). Open conversion patients during rRA were more frequently male (59.0 vs. 53.0%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.04) and had more comorbidities (Charlson Comorbidity Index [CCI] \u2265\u20094: 28.0 vs. 17.0%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). In multivariable logistic regression models predicting open conversion, CCI\u2009\u2265\u20094 versus 0\u20103 (OR: 2.0;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and low versus medium\u2010high surgical volume hospital (OR: 2.0;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) were independent predictors.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A dose\u2010response effect was observed when CCI and hospital volume were combined. Specifically, the rates of open conversion were respectively 13.9 versus 25.9% in patient with CCI 0\u20103 versus CCI\u2009\u2265\u20094 at low surgical volume hospitals (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Conversely, the rates of open conversion were respectively 7.7 versus 13.4% in patient with CCI 0\u20103 versus CCI\u2009\u2265\u20094 at medium\u2010high surgical volume hospitals (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The rate of open conversion at rRA significantly decreased over time from 39.2% to 10.2%. Individuals at particularly elevated risk consisted of patients with CCI\u2009\u2265\u20094 in whom rRA is contemplated at low\u2010volume hospitals (25.9%). Relegation of such individuals to medium\u2010high surgical volume hospitals may reduce the conversion rate by half (13.4%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.70293","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,12]],"date-time":"2026-07-12T19:01:03Z","timestamp":1783882863000},"page":"282-287","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Open Conversion at Robotic Adrenalectomy: Rates and Predictors"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"134","author":[{"given":"Andrea","family":"Marmiroli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology University of Montr\u00e9al Health Center Montr\u00e9al Qu\u00e9bec Canada"},{"name":"Department of Urology IEO European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435 Milan Italy"},{"name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mattia","family":"Longoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology University of Montr\u00e9al Health Center Montr\u00e9al Qu\u00e9bec Canada"},{"name":"Vita\u2010Salute San Raffaele University Milan Italy"},{"name":"Division of Experimental Oncology\/Unit of Urology, URI, Urological Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quynh","family":"Chi Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology University of Montr\u00e9al Health Center Montr\u00e9al Qu\u00e9bec Canada"},{"name":"Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Department of Urology Frankfurt am Main Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1907-3982","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabian","family":"Falkenbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology University of Montr\u00e9al Health Center Montr\u00e9al Qu\u00e9bec Canada"},{"name":"Martini\u2010Klinik Prostate Cancer Center University Hospital Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf Hamburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-7773-5101","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michele","family":"Nicolazzini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology University of Montr\u00e9al Health Center Montr\u00e9al Qu\u00e9bec Canada"},{"name":"Division of Urology, Department of Translational Medicine University of Eastern Piedmont, Maggiore della Carit\u00e0 Hospital Novara Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-6265-5288","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Calogero","family":"Catanzaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology University of Montr\u00e9al Health Center Montr\u00e9al Qu\u00e9bec Canada"},{"name":"Division of Urology IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero\u2010universitaria di Bologna Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federico","family":"Polverino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology University of Montr\u00e9al Health Center Montr\u00e9al Qu\u00e9bec Canada"},{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Science of Reproduction and Odontostomatology University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-4609-8981","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jordan A.","family":"Goyal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology University of Montr\u00e9al Health Center Montr\u00e9al Qu\u00e9bec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Luzzago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology IEO European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435 Milan Italy"},{"name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano Milan Italy"},{"name":"Department of Oncology and Haemato\u2010Oncology Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco Alessandro","family":"Mistretta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology IEO European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435 Milan Italy"},{"name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano Milan Italy"},{"name":"Department of Oncology and Haemato\u2010Oncology Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mattia","family":"Piccinelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology IEO European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435 Milan Italy"},{"name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano Milan Italy"},{"name":"Department of Oncology and Haemato\u2010Oncology Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fred","family":"Saad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology University of Montr\u00e9al Health Center Montr\u00e9al Qu\u00e9bec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shahrokh F.","family":"Shariat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria"},{"name":"Department of Urology Weill Cornell Medical College, New York New York USA"},{"name":"Department of Urology University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas Texas USA"},{"name":"Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research Al\u2010Ahliyya Amman University Amman Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Briganti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vita\u2010Salute San Raffaele University Milan Italy"},{"name":"Division of Experimental Oncology\/Unit of Urology, URI, Urological Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felix K. H.","family":"Chun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Department of Urology Frankfurt am Main Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Graefen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Martini\u2010Klinik Prostate Cancer Center University Hospital Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf Hamburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlotta","family":"Palumbo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Urology, Department of Translational Medicine University of Eastern Piedmont, Maggiore della Carit\u00e0 Hospital Novara Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Riccardo","family":"Schiavina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Urology IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero\u2010universitaria di Bologna Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Longo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Science of Reproduction and Odontostomatology University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gennaro","family":"Musi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology IEO European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435 Milan Italy"},{"name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano Milan Italy"},{"name":"Department of Oncology and Haemato\u2010Oncology Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre I.","family":"Karakiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology University of Montr\u00e9al Health Center Montr\u00e9al Qu\u00e9bec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2018.07.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2011.03.046"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13304-020-00957-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2020.12.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2020.0074"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2014.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-017-5894-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000313481307900135"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/iju.iju_343_24"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","unstructured":"Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Rockville MD. HCUP Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS). Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP). 2008\u20102019 n.d.www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov\/nisoverview.jsp(accessed September 2 2025 12). n.d."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-025-17841-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.70021"}],"container-title":["Journal of Surgical Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jso.70293","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jso.70293","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jso.70293","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T03:07:03Z","timestamp":1791860823000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jso.70293"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,12]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jso.70293"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jso.70293","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-4790","1096-9098"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-4790","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-9098","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-08-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-05-25","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-12","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}