{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,16]],"date-time":"2026-08-16T18:25:16Z","timestamp":1786904716486,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,16]],"date-time":"2026-08-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786838400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,16]],"date-time":"2026-08-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786838400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Surgical Oncology"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ACS\u2010NSQIP began capturing operative approach in 2022. With increased adoption of minimally invasive (MIS) techniques for malignancy, a contemporary review of benchmark outcomes for open, laparoscopic and robotic gastrectomy is warranted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed a retrospective cohort study of adults in ACS\u2010NSQIP (2022\u20132024) undergoing partial or total gastrectomy (CPT 43631\u20104 and 43620\u20102) for cancer. Outcomes included operative time, length of stay (LOS), unplanned conversion\u2010to\u2010open, and 30\u2010day morbidity, mortality, and readmission. Multivariable logistic regression evaluated patient and operative factors associated with morbidity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 1,459 patients (median age 66, 60.4% male), 66.8% underwent partial gastrectomy and 33.2% total gastrectomy. Approaches were 61.2% open, 19.5% laparoscopic, and 19.3% robotic. Thirty\u2010day mortality (1.8%), major complications (18.2%), and readmissions (10.3%) did not differ by approach. Unplanned conversion\u2010to\u2010open occurred in 14.0% of MIS. Robotic had longer median operative time of +1.2 and +1.7\u2009h than laparoscopic and open and median \u22121 and \u22122 days shorter LOS respectively (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Hypoalbuminemia (OR 3.10), CKD\u2009\u2265\u20093 (OR 1.75), and anemia (OR 1.48) were independently associated with major complications (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Operative approach influences operative time and LOS but not short\u2010term morbidity and mortality. The newly available ACS\u2010NSQIP operative approach variable enables approach\u2010specific benchmarks for cancer\u2010related gastrectomy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.70359","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,16]],"date-time":"2026-08-16T17:59:18Z","timestamp":1786903158000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["NSQIP Outcomes for Open and Minimally Invasive Gastrectomy for Malignancy"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0140-3963","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frank G.","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, Mayo Clinic Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2643-7596","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristine T.","family":"Hanson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-4738-0706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashton E.","family":"Cross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, Mayo Clinic Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1140-003X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth B.","family":"Habermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3654-8601","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cornelius A.","family":"Thiels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, Mayo Clinic Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7753-097X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Travis E.","family":"Grotz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, Mayo Clinic Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","volume-title":"Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today","author":"Ferlay J.","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21871"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2025.20034"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000001346"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2018.6727"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2022.2749"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10120-020-01109-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.20.01540"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","unstructured":"American College of Surgeons \u201cNational Surgical Quality Improvement Program: User Guide for the 2022 ACS NSQIP Participant Use Data File (PUF).\u201d2023 https:\/\/www.facs.org\/media\/1nrdyqmr\/nsqip_puf_userguide_2022.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4293\/JSLS.2015.00095"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sopen.2023.07.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2102953"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","unstructured":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases \u201ceGFR Equations for Adults. 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