{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T20:26:09Z","timestamp":1787084769773,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787011200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787011200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Surgical Oncology"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Failure to rescue (FTR), defined as death following a postoperative complication, is an established quality metric; however, national data after pulmonary resection remain limited. We aim to identify patient\u2010, procedural\u2010, and hospital\u2010level factors associated with FTR after pulmonary resection for lung cancer and evaluate related outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The National Inpatient Sample (2016\u20132022) was used to identify adults undergoing elective pulmonary resection for lung cancer who developed \u2265\u20091 major complication. FTR was defined as in\u2010hospital mortality. Multivariable logistic regression identified predictors. Secondary outcomes included length of stay, costs, and discharge disposition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 14,575 patients with major complications, FTR occurred in 2.6%. Frailty (OR 3.44, 95% CI 2.73\u20134.35) and comorbidity burden (Elixhauser \u2265\u20092: OR 4.87, 1.54\u201315.43) were the strongest predictors. Pneumonectomy (OR 2.78, 1.82\u20134.23), age \u2265\u200975 years (OR 2.21, 1.47\u20133.32), and open approach (OR 1.78, 1.41\u20132.24) were also associated, while female sex and private insurance were protective. No hospital factors were independently associated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>FTR is driven by patient vulnerability and procedural complexity rather than hospital characteristics. These findings emphasize preoperative risk stratification and complication management in high\u2010risk patients but do not support regionalization to high\u2010volume centers as a strategy to reduce FTR.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.70376","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T19:39:51Z","timestamp":1787081991000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Determinants of Failure to Rescue After Pulmonary Resection for Lung Cancer: Insights From a National Inpatient Sample"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2782-0386","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christina J.","family":"Kelly","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population and Public Health Sciences Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2047-5436","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takashi","family":"Harano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Division of Thoracic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott M.","family":"Atay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Division of Thoracic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Graeme M.","family":"Rosenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Division of Thoracic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sean C.","family":"Wightman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Division of Thoracic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2790-4945","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anthony W.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Division of Thoracic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8158-4540","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brooks V.","family":"Udelsman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Division of Thoracic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezac529"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000001414","article-title":"Impact of Hospital Characteristics on Failure to Rescue Following Major Surgery","volume":"263","author":"Sheetz K. H.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Annals of Surgery"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e3181bef697","article-title":"Complications, Failure to Rescue, and Mortality with Major Inpatient Surgery in Medicare Patients","volume":"250","author":"Ghaferi A. A.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Annals of Surgery"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2015.01.063","article-title":"Failure to Rescue and Pulmonary Resection for Lung Cancer","volume":"149","author":"Farjah F.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1034","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2015.2199","article-title":"Lung Cancer Resection at Hospitals With High vs Low Mortality Rates","volume":"150","author":"Grenda T. R.","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Surgery"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers17172784"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","volume-title":"The Johns Hopkins ACG System: Version 11.0","author":"Johns Hopkins University","year":"2015"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000004065","article-title":"Propensity\u2010Matched Analysis Demonstrates Long\u2010Term Risk of Respiratory and Cardiac Mortality After Pneumonectomy Compared With Lobectomy for Lung Cancer","volume":"275","author":"Jones G. D.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Annals of Surgery"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-075463","article-title":"Mortality and Failure\u2010to\u2010Rescue Major Complication Trends After Lung Cancer Surgery Between 2005 and 2020: A Nationwide Population\u2010Based Study","volume":"13","author":"Bernard A.","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.06.023","article-title":"Management of Patients With Early\u2010Stage Non\u2010Small Cell Lung Cancer: An American College of Chest Physicians Clinical Practice Guideline","volume":"168","author":"Howington J.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2017.03.122","article-title":"Treatment of Stage I Non\u2010Small Cell Lung Cancer: What's Trending?","volume":"154","author":"McMurry T. L.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"978","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2017.12.055","article-title":"Frailty Predicts Failure to Rescue After Thoracoabdominal Operation","volume":"226","author":"Mosquera C.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of the American College of Surgeons"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000003699","article-title":"Complications as a Mediator of the Perioperative Frailty\u2010Mortality Association","volume":"134","author":"McIsaac D. I.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atssr.2023.12.012","article-title":"Perceptions of Frailty and Prehabilitation Among Thoracic Surgeons: Findings from a National Survey","volume":"2","author":"Kent J. R.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Annals of Thoracic Surgery Short Reports"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1631","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2025.02.013","article-title":"The Effect of Multimodal Prehabilitation on Postoperative Outcomes in Lung Cancer Surgery","volume":"169","author":"Cho A. R.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2025.5288","article-title":"Home\u2010Based Prehabilitation for Older Surgical Patients With Frailty: A Randomized Clinical Trial","volume":"161","author":"McIsaac D. I.","year":"2026","journal-title":"JAMA Surgery"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e3181e8fd75","article-title":"Primary Payer Status Affects Mortality for Major Surgical Operations","volume":"252","author":"LaPar D. J.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Annals of Surgery"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2013.5076","article-title":"Socioeconomic Disparities in Mortality After Cancer Surgery: Failure to Rescue","volume":"149","author":"Reames B. N.","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA Surgery"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2025.109925","article-title":"Unmasking Sex\u2010Based Disparities in Failure to Rescue: Are Women at Greater Risk After Major Surgery?","volume":"190","author":"Zindani S.","year":"2026","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2024.4574","article-title":"Failure to Rescue Female Patients Undergoing High\u2010Risk Surgery","volume":"160","author":"Wagner C. 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N.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Rural Health"}],"container-title":["Journal of Surgical Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jso.70376","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jso.70376","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jso.70376","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T19:39:55Z","timestamp":1787081995000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jso.70376"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]]},"references-count":24,"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jso.70376"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jso.70376","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-4790","1096-9098"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-4790","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-9098","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-04-27","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-12","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-18","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"jso.70376"}}