{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T15:26:32Z","timestamp":1753889192981,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,7]],"date-time":"2021-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633564800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007616","name":"Wright Medical Group","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007616","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JOR Spine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Due to the constraints surrounding autograft bone, surgeons have turned to osteoinductive agents to augment spinal fusion. Reports of complications and questionable efficacy slowed the adoption of these alternatives. Recombinant human platelet\u2010derived growth factor B homodimer (rhPDGF\u2010BB) has been Food and Drug Administration (FDA)\u2010approved (Augment) to promote fusion in other areas of orthopedics, but its characterization in spine fusion has not yet been tested. The purpose of this study is to characterize the host response to PDGF\u2010BB in vivo.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eighty female Fischer rats underwent L4\u20105 posterolateral fusion using one of four implant types: (a) iliac crest syngeneic allograft harvested from syngeneic donors, (b) \u03b2\u2010TCP\/bovine collagen matrix (\u03b2\u2010TCP\/Col) with sodium acetate buffer, (c) \u03b2\u2010TCP\/Col with 0.3\u00a0mg\/mL \u201clow dose,\u201d or (d) \u03b2\u2010TCP\/Col with 3.0\u00a0mg\/mL \u201chigh dose\u201d of rhPDGF\u2010BB. Animals underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and serum cytokine quantification at 4, 7, 10, and 21\u2009days, postoperatively. Tissues were processed for immunofluorescence staining for Ki67 and von Willebrand factor (vWF) to assess neovascularization.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>MRI demonstrated no differences in fluid accumulation among the four treatment groups at any of the time points. Serum cytokine analysis showed no clinically significant differences between treatment groups in 20 of the 27 cytokines. Inflammatory cytokines IFN\u2010\u03b3, IL\u20101\u03b2, IL\u201018, MCP\u20101, MIP\u20101\u03b1, TNF\u2010\u03b1 were not induced by rhPDGF\u2010BB. Histology showed no differences in cell infiltration, and Ki67 and vWF immunofluorescence staining was similar among groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>rhPDGF\u2010BB delivered with a \u03b2\u2010TCP\/Col matrix exerts no exaggerated systemic or local host inflammatory response when compared to iliac crest syngeneic allograft bone or the control carrier. rhPDGF\u2010BB mixed with a \u03b2\u2010TCP\/Col matrix could be a viable and safe biologic alternative to syngeneic allograft in spine fusion. Further studies need to be performed to evaluate efficacy in this setting.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jsp2.1173","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,9]],"date-time":"2021-10-09T15:55:30Z","timestamp":1633794930000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Characterizing the host response to <scp>rhPDGF\u2010BB<\/scp> in a rat spinal arthrodesis model"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Jonathan T.","family":"Yamaguchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University  Chicago Illinois USA"},{"name":"Simpson Querrey Institute Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7566-7764","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph 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