{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T07:30:09Z","timestamp":1793431809516,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770681600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770681600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015539","name":"Australian Government","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015539","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JOR Spine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Back pain and spinal injury are leading contributors to premature retirement, particularly in physically demanding occupations. Direct and practical methods of spinal assessment are needed to evaluate interventions aimed at reducing spinal loading and injury risk. Ultrasonography has been reliably used to estimate spinal compression via intervertebral disc height, but its reliability for measuring inter\u2010transverse process distances under load has not been established.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eleven healthy adults underwent ultrasonographic measurement of inter\u2010transverse process distances at each lumbar level (L1\u2013L5), and the total lumbar distance under four loading conditions: (1) immediately on standing while unloaded, (2) after 15\u2009min of unloaded standing, (3) after 15\u2009min of standing loaded with a 25\u2009kg weighted vest, and (4) after 30\u2009min of loaded standing. These procedures were repeated after 1\u20137\u2009days. Inter\u2010rater, within\u2010visit, and between\u2010visit reliability were assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and coefficients of variation (CV). Bland\u2013Altman plots were used to assess agreement. A one\u2010way analysis of variance was used to determine the effects of each loading condition on inter\u2010transverse process distances.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Inter\u2010rater, within\u2010visit, and between\u2010visit reliability was good to excellent with ICCs between 0.81 and 0.99 and CVs between 5.24% and 13.0% for all measurements. Inter\u2010transverse process distances were reduced at L2\/3 (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.007), L3\/4 (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.006), and across the total lumbar distance (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.02) following 15 and 30\u2009min of loaded standing.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ultrasonography is a reliable, low\u2010cost method for quantifying changes in lumbar spine geometry during loaded standing. This technique may have value in occupational and clinical settings for assessing spinal compression in response to mechanical load.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jsp2.70137","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T06:51:16Z","timestamp":1770792676000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Reliability of Ultrasonography to Assess Spinal Compression During Heavy Load Carriage"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5636-5584","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sherrilyn","family":"Walters","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health and Medical Sciences University of Southern Queensland  Ipswich Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Martial Arts Research and Testing Laboratory  Toowoomba Queensland Australia"},{"name":"School of Medicine and Dentistry Griffith University  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Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muneeb","family":"Iqbal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health and Medical Sciences University of Southern Queensland  Ipswich Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dean E.","family":"Mills","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health and Medical Sciences University of Southern Queensland  Ipswich Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Centre for Health Research, Institute for Resilient Regions University of Southern Queensland  Ipswich Queensland 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