{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T19:57:37Z","timestamp":1777665457685,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,29]],"date-time":"2020-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585440000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010098","name":"Shanghai Association for Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["17DZ2201800"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17DZ2201800"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010098","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Separation Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Betaine is an essential nutrient for humans and a source of methyl donors for methionine and <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\u2010adenosylmethionine formation, and it is used as a biomarker for pharmacological activities and to evaluate the quality of <jats:italic>Lycium<\/jats:italic> species and common foods. However, because of its special structural features, poor ultraviolet\u2010chromophore, and high polarity, the existing methods for betaine extraction and quantification cannot provide higher extraction efficiency, better sensitivity, or resolution degree. A simple, fast, and efficient high\u2010performance liquid chromatography\u2013diode array detector coupled with solid\u2010phase extraction was adopted for simultaneous separation and quantification of betaine in four types of <jats:italic>Lycium<\/jats:italic> species. The results revealed that after degreasing with dichloromethane, extraction with 80% ethanol (pH adjusted to 1.0 with hydrochloric acid), and elution with aluminum oxide (OH<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup> form), the improvement in the average yield rate of betaine was thrice of that of the existing methods. In addition, trigonelline was identified as the interfering substance of betaine for the first time in <jats:italic>Lycium<\/jats:italic> species, and betaine and trigonelline were simultaneously separated and quantified. Furthermore, their chemical characteristics and content distribution in different <jats:italic>Lycium<\/jats:italic> species were carried out.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jssc.201901124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,4]],"date-time":"2020-03-04T06:29:03Z","timestamp":1583303343000},"page":"2073-2078","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Development and optimization of a method for determining betaine and trigonelline in the fruits of <i>Lycium<\/i> species by using solid\u2010phase extraction combined with high\u2010performance liquid chromatography\u2013diode array detector"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Wenjing","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine  Shanghai P. R. 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