{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]],"date-time":"2025-12-02T08:46:15Z","timestamp":1764665175810,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,25]],"date-time":"2025-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750809600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":24,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Separation Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The comprehensive characterization of petroaromatics, composed of different number of rings and alkylation patterns, is of paramount interest considering their key roles in hydrocarbon exploration and refining processes. The analytical methods based on gas chromatography lack the access to non\u2010volatile part, whereas the methods based on high\u2010resolution mass spectrometry are not suitable for low molecular weight compounds (&lt;200\u00a0Da) of a petroleum mixture. Therefore, an analytical method that can characterize the aromatic compounds in low\u2010 to high\u2010boiling distillation fractions would be ideal for the purpose. Recently, a new mode in liquid chromatography, namely, aromatic\u2010selective size exclusion chromatography (ASSEC) using a combination of amino\u2010bonded silica and dichloromethane, has been employed to determine the alkyl carbon atom distributions (alkylation patterns) of aromatic compounds in a variety of petroleum samples. In the present work, we evaluated the selectivity of the three commonly used polar\u2010bonded silica phases (amino, diol, and cyano) and a polystyrene\u2010divinylbenzene phase while using dichloromethane as the mobile phase for the separation of aromatic compounds based on the alkylation pattern. Using a set of standard aromatic compounds, it was found that the separation of the compounds on the polystyrene\u2010divinylbenzene phase was more influenced by the adsorption chromatography than the size exclusion chromatography. The separation on the cyano\u2010bonded silica phase was primarily due to the size exclusion effect, whereas the separation on the other two silica phases was selective to the number of alkyl carbon atoms in ASSEC mode. The alkylation patterns of aromatic compounds in the petroleum samples were determined by ASSEC using three polar\u2010bonded silica phases. The determined alkyl carbon atom numbers using the ASSEC method were compared with the ones obtained using GC\u00a0\u00d7\u00a0GC. The trends, for alkyl carbon atom numbers, obtained from both techniques were similar, confirming the suitability of the ASSEC method for the characterization of aromatics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jssc.70203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,26]],"date-time":"2025-06-26T00:41:39Z","timestamp":1750898499000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Aromatic\u2010Selective Size Exclusion Chromatography (ASSEC) of Petroleum Using Traditional Normal Phase Columns: A Sustainable Solution for Petroleum Characterization"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Abdulaziz S.","family":"Domiati","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Analytical Services Department Saudi Aramco  Dhahran Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmed M.","family":"Aldawood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Analytical Services Department Saudi Aramco  Dhahran Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Munthir M.","family":"Alshammari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Analytical Services Department Saudi Aramco  Dhahran Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saroj K.","family":"Panda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Analytical Services Department Saudi Aramco  Dhahran Saudi 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