{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T13:06:53Z","timestamp":1789564013183,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,11]],"date-time":"2025-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754870400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":10,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Separation Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Tinospora cordifolia<\/jats:italic>\n                    is an integral part of traditional medicine, rich in secondary metabolites of various chemical classes including phytosteroids. These phytosteroids possess cholesterol\u2010lowering property; however, systematic studies are lacking regarding preparation of extract enriched with such bioactive compounds. In this study, supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) method was developed to obtain three phytosteroids (ecdysterone, stigmasterol, and \u03b2\u2010sitosterol) enriched extract from\n                    <jats:italic>T. cordifolia<\/jats:italic>\n                    stem. The phytosteroid content was quantified using validated ultra\u2010high performance liquid chromatography method. Separation of analytes was achieved using C\u201018 column (150\u2009mm\u00a0\u00d7\u20094.6\u2009mm, 5.0\u2009\u00b5m) as stationary phase and water\u2013acetonitrile mixture (80:20) as mobile phase with detection at 242\u00a0nm (range of 190\u2013350\u00a0nm; photodiode array detector). The limit of detection was 0.25, 0.23, and 0.39\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL for ecdysterone, stigmasterol, and \u03b2\u2010sitosterol respectively, whereas, limit of quantification was 0.85, 0.78, and 1.25\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL for ecdysterone, stigmasterol, and \u03b2\u2010sitosterol respectively. Accuracy of recovery was 80%\u2013109%, with precision (RSD) of &lt;\u00a02 for all three targeted analytes. For SFE, under optimized condition i.e., automated back pressure = 100\u00a0bar, CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    flow = 30\u00a0g\/min, modifier flow = 4\u00a0g\/min, extraction and collection vessel temperature = 60\u00b0C and 45\u00b0C, respectively, and extraction time = 120\u00a0min; phytosteroid (ecdysterone + stigmasterol + \u03b2\u2010sitosterol) content was obtained as 319.36\u00a0\u00b5g\/g which was significantly higher than its content in extract (108.04\u00a0\u00b5g\/g) obtained by refluxing with 50% aqueous ethanol as extraction solvent. Method performance and greenness of SFE was compared with ultrasound\u2010assisted extraction. Result showed 2.06\u2010fold increase in extract yield in case SFE than ultrasound\u2010assisted extraction. Greenness score calculated for SFE and ultrasound\u2010assisted extraction was 0.65 and 0.59, respectively.\n                    <jats:italic>T. cordifolia<\/jats:italic>\n                    SFE extract can be key component in developing herbal products to address obesity related problems. Thus, the developed extraction method can be recommended to herbal industries for preparation of effective medicines with diverse therapeutic applications.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jssc.70246","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,11]],"date-time":"2025-08-11T14:16:21Z","timestamp":1754921781000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Development of a Supercritical Fluid Extraction Process for Preparation of Phytosteroids Rich Extract From\n                    <i>Tinospora cordifolia<\/i>\n                    Stem and Determination of Content of Three Phytosteroids Using a Validated Ultra\u2010High Performance Liquid Chromatography Method"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Rohan","family":"Sarkar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ICAR\u2010 Directorate of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research  Anand Gujarat India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satyanshu","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICAR\u2010 Directorate of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research  Anand Gujarat India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raghuraj","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICAR\u2010 Directorate of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research  Anand Gujarat India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-802147-7.00052-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e31229"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02437"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","unstructured":"\u201cNational Clinical Management Protocol Based on Ayurveda and Yoga for Management of 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