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The macroporous resin of XAD\u20101600N was selected due to its highest adsorption and desorption capacities for kaempferol\u20103\u2010\n                    <jats:italic>O<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010sophoroside. Static adsorption characteristics and dynamic enrichment parameters of this resin were systematically investigated through scientific experiments and analysis. The adsorption characteristics were found to be in good agreement with the pseudo\u2010second\u2010order model, as well as the Freundlich and Langmuir models. The thermodynamics analysis exhibited that this adsorption process was a spontaneous exothermic reaction. Furthermore, the dynamic enrichment for kaempferol\u20103\u2010\n                    <jats:italic>O<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010sophoroside was optimized using a combination of analytical hierarchy process\u2014entropy weight method\u2014response surface methodology, and the comprehensive scores based on desorption rate, recovery rate, and purity. The recommended operation parameters included sample loading rates (2.3\u20133.7\u00a0BV\/h), ethanol concentrations (49%\u201369%), and elution flow rates (1\u20133\u00a0BV\/h). After the enrichment process, the purity of kaempferol\u20103\u2010\n                    <jats:italic>O<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010sophoroside from saffron petals extract increased over fivefold after enrichment with acceptable recovery. It is anticipated that this study will contribute to the large\u2010scale development and utilization of kaempferol\u20103\u2010\n                    <jats:italic>O<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010sophoroside from the saffron petals, thereby providing a theoretical basis for natural products enrichment.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jssc.70307","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T17:18:21Z","timestamp":1761153501000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Enrichment of Kaempferol\u20103\u2010\n                    <i>O<\/i>\n                    \u2010Sophoroside From Saffron Petals Using Macroporous Resin: Static Adsorption Characteristics and Dynamic Optimization Based on Analytical Hierarchy Process\u2014Entropy Weight Method\u2014Response Surface 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