{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:48:07Z","timestamp":1786978087277,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762473600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Separation Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Monitoring trace levels of pesticide residues in water remains a major global analytical challenge. We synthesized a bio\u2010derived hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent (DES), [thymol:\n                    <jats:italic>tert<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010butylhydroquinone] (Thy:TBHQ), and coupled it with vortex\u2010assisted dispersive liquid\u2013liquid microextraction (DLLME) prior to gas chromatography (GC) with micro electron capture detection (\u00b5ECD) for pre\u2010concentration of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) (phosphamidon, diazinon, chlorpyrifos). DES formation and stability were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (O\u2013H red shift) and\n                    <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>\n                    H\u2010NMR (deshielded phenolic signals). Univariate optimization identified acetonitrile (ACN) as a disperser and ACN\/DES\u00a0=\u00a01:1 (v\/v), 100\u00a0mL sample, 3\u00a0min extraction, and pH 2\u20136 as optimal. The method showed excellent linearity (coefficients of determination\u00a0=\u00a00.991\u20130.997), limits of detection (LODs) of 3.44\u201315.43\u00a0ng\u00a0L\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    and limits of quantification (LOQs) of 10.32\u201351.38\u00a0ng\u00a0L\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    , all well below the EU 100\u00a0ng\u00a0L\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    per\u2010pesticide limit, with enrichment factors of 13\u201327. Precision supported routine application (intra\u2010day relative standard deviation [RSD] 1.67%\u20133.79%; inter\u2010day 5.25%\u20139.66%). Spiked real samples across environmental waters: tap (\u224890%\u2013100% relative recovery), river (\u224860%\u201382%), and seawater (\u224854%\u201366%), each with RSD\u00a0&lt;\u00a010% and no background residues detected. The DES retained &gt;85% of its extraction performance over \u22659 adsorption\u2013desorption cycles. Satisfactory extraction efficiency is probably due to the synergistic \u03c0\u2013\u03c0, hydrogen bonding, van der Waals, and hydrophobic interactions between aromatic OPPs and the DES. Overall, the [Thy:TBHQ]\u2010based vortex\u2010assisted DLLME\/GC with \u00b5ECD platform delivers sensitive, precise, and reusable trace analysis with reduced solvent use, offering a green alternative for monitoring pesticides in diverse water matrices.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jssc.70315","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,8]],"date-time":"2025-11-08T06:23:53Z","timestamp":1762583033000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Natural Thymol\u2013\n                    <i>tert<\/i>\n                    \u2010Butylhydroquinone\u2013Based Deep Eutectic Solvent\/Vortex\u2010Assisted Dispersive Liquid\u2013Liquid Microextraction for Organophosphorus Pesticide Extraction in Water Samples"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Elham","family":"Salehi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science &amp; Technology Islamic Azad University\u2014North Tehran Branch  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamine","family":"Dehghan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science University of Milano Bicocca  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamid","family":"Najarzadekan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemistry Department University of Kashan  Kashan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sajad","family":"Karami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Sciences Utah State University  Logan Utah USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parham","family":"Joolaei Ahranjani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Agriculture, Environmental and Food Sciences Free University of Bolzano  Bolzano Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.microc.2021.106359"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.113831"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seppur.2024.127336"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18020468"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfca.2023.105663"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03601234.2019.1574173"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psep.2024.12.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2021.130835"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enmm.2022.100655"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mpmed.2019.12.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.microc.2022.107226"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2022.134008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.112773"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2022.123587"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2020.121983"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.11433"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2020.127943"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Trace Isolation and Photometric Determination of Cadmium Ions in Water Using Thermally Reduced Graphene\u2010Modified Hybrid Sol\u2013Gel Composite","volume":"60","author":"Golmohammadi G.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Separation and Purification Technology"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiec.2020.10.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2023.131788"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13762\u2010024\u201005469\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jssc.202100609"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03067319.2022.2161377"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","article-title":"Development and Validation of a Method to Determine Pesticides in River Water Using QuEChERS Combined With UHPLC\u2010MS\/MS","volume":"19","author":"Ramos V. 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