{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T13:43:43Z","timestamp":1782999823698,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 DK080714"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 DK080714"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Separation Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Type 1 diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disorder primarily affecting children and adolescents. Diagnostic techniques for autoimmune diseases typically examine the amounts of autoantibodies (AAbs) and are performed using enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assays and radioimmunoassays. Insulin autoantibody (IAA) is one of the earliest biomarkers in juveniles prone to type 1 diabetes; therefore, the development of highly sensitive assays could enhance early diagnostic capabilities. To this end, we developed a capillary electrophoresis laser\u2010induced fluorescence noncompetitive immunoassay for the detection of monoclonal anti\u2010insulin Abs as a first step toward the development of an IAA assay. In this study, a fluorescently labeled insulin was used as an affinity probe to target anti\u2010insulin Abs. In the presence of an Ab, the separated mixture showed two distinct peaks correlating to bound and free labeled insulin. Sample incubation and separation parameters were optimized, and produced a detection limit (LOD) of 1.5\u00a0ng\/mL (\u223c10 pM) of Ab. To further demonstrate the utility of the assay, calibration in a serum matrix was also performed and showed a linear response. The assay was also tested using a polyclonal Ab, which resulted in a dose\u2010dependent decrease in the labeled insulin peak, producing an LOD of 170\u00a0ng\/mL (\u223c1\u00a0nM). This robust system provides a foundation for further development of an IAA assay.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jssc.70456","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T08:48:53Z","timestamp":1780303733000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Capillary Electrophoresis Immunoassay for Detection of Anti\u2010insulin Antibodies"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Viviana D.","family":"James","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Florida State University  Tallahassee Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sydney K.","family":"Cunningham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Florida State University  Tallahassee Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0184-1333","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael G.","family":"Roper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Florida State University  Tallahassee Florida USA"},{"name":"Program in Molecular Biophysics, Florida State University  Tallahassee Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2017.16"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2024.1434276"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572\u2010019\u20100092\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dci23\u20100030"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933\u2010018\u20100703\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/pir.29.11.374"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125\u2010018\u20104726\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241210012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.54.suppl_2.S52"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1520\u20107560(2000)9999:9999<::AID\u2010DMRR145>3.0.CO;2\u2010L"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125\u2010015\u20103672\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102249.2006.03178.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102249.2011.04479.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.13910"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4172\/2155\u20109899.1000531"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125\u2010023\u201005877\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MED.0000000000000348"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.70052"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2025.344323"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2023.464286"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.70040"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.201500178"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","volume-title":"Handbook of Capillary Electrophoresis and Associated Microtechniques: Third Edition","author":"Scanlan C.","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.201300421"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.200700871"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24101977"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.201900426"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ab.2005.02.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C8AN00714D"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ac00069a035"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378\u20104347(94)00014\u2010X"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378\u20104347(00)00508\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216\u2010009\u20102622\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.201800261"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ac00033a015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ac00032a721"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125\u2010022\u201005812\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125\u2010015\u20103746\u2010x"}],"container-title":["Journal of Separation Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jssc.70456","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jssc.70456","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jssc.70456","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T12:51:01Z","timestamp":1782996661000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jssc.70456"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jssc.70456"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jssc.70456","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1615-9306","1615-9314"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1615-9306","type":"print"},{"value":"1615-9314","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-01-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-05-20","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-06-01","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70456"}}