{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T10:29:05Z","timestamp":1786616945703,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784678400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":21,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82504743"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82504743"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Separation Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Niaoduqing Granules (NDQG) is a Chinese patent medicine preparation composed of more than 10 herbal ingredients and is widely used in the clinical treatment of chronic kidney disease. Nevertheless, comprehensive and systematic investigations into the chemical constituents and pharmacodynamic material basis of NDQG remain insufficient. Herein, a binary chromatographic fingerprinting strategy was developed for the systematic characterization of the chemical constituents in NDQG using both acidic and alkaline mobile phase systems. Independent collection and combined analysis of acidic\/alkaline mobile phases enabled the effective separation of compounds with significant polarity differences and varying chromatographic properties in NDQG, resulting in good peak shapes. Using ultra\u2010high\u2010performance liquid chromatography\u2010Q\u2010Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry, this study identified 187 chemical components from the NDQG preparation (58 compounds were qualitatively confirmed by reference standards). The prototype components distributed to plasma and kidney tissues in C57BL\/6 mice following oral administration of NDQG were further investigated. 40 components were detected in the blood circulation, and 36 were identified in kidney tissues. Using a cobalt chloride\u2010induced Human Kidney\u20102 (HK\u20102) cell injury model, further activity screening of 28 candidate compounds revealed that nine compounds (formononetin [FMN], ononin [ONO], liquiritin, ferulic acid, quercetin, rosmarinic acid [ROA], paeoniflorin, calycosin [CS], and salvianolic acid B [SAB]) effectively alleviated HK\u20102 cell injury. Among them, FMN, ONO, ROA, CS, and SAB significantly inhibited the mRNA expression of both tumor necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1 and interleukin\u201018, thereby exerting favorable anti\u2010inflammatory effects. These components may act as important lead compounds, providing valuable implications for drug discovery and development. In summary, combining component characterization and activity screening, this study not only provides key data for the quality control of NDQG but also furnishes a scientific basis and novel insights for clarifying its pharmacodynamic material basis and supporting the subsequent development of innovative drugs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jssc.70495","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T09:20:52Z","timestamp":1784712052000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comprehensive Profiling of Chemical Constituents in Niaoduqing Granules by Ultra\u2010High\u2010Performance Liquid Chromatography\u2010Q\u2010Exactive Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry and Identification of Potential Renoprotective Active Components"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Liyao","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital Sichuan University\/West China School of Nursing Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Mass Spectrometry Center, Research Core Facility, Frontiers Science Center for Disease\u2010related Molecular Network, West China Hospital Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mei","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hemodialysis Center, Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital Sichuan University\/West China School of Nursing Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manjiangcuo","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Mass Spectrometry Center, Research Core Facility, Frontiers Science Center for Disease\u2010related Molecular Network, West China Hospital Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2022.154535"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.18473"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2023.12193"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2024.1379338"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000037051"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","first-page":"548","article-title":"Quality Evaluation of Niaoduqing Granules With HPLC Fingerprint and Quantitative Analysis of Multi\u2010Components by Single\u2010Marker Method","volume":"23","author":"Zhao X. 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