{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T07:49:04Z","timestamp":1791618544100,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791590400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004705","name":"King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004705","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Separation Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Steryl glucosides are minor lipid contaminants in biodiesel that can cause fuel filter plugging and adversely affect fuel quality, even at trace concentrations. Reliable determination of steryl glucoside is therefore essential for biodiesel quality control. Solid\u2010phase extraction (SPE) is widely used for sample pretreatment prior to chromatographic analysis; however, conventional silica\u2010based SPE protocols typically require hazardous organic solvents for cartridge preconditioning. In this study, a controlled silica hydration\u2010based SPE method was developed for the pretreatment of steryl glucoside in crude biodiesel prior to high\u2010performance size\u2010exclusion chromatography coupled with evaporative light\u2010scattering detection using a 100\u2010\u00c5 Phenogel column. The effect of water volume (0.05\u20130.50\u00a0mL) used for silica preconditioning was systematically investigated. Following SPE, retained steryl glucoside was recovered by heptane washing and elution with acetone\/methanol (9:1, v\/v). Preconditioning with 0.075\u00a0mL of water provided the highest steryl glucoside concentration (106.29\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL), approximately four times the concentration obtained with non\u2010preconditioned silica (27.06\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL) and substantially higher than those obtained with conventional heptane\u2010 (53.70\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL) and acetone\/methanol\u2010preconditioned (76.73\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL) cartridges. The method exhibited limits of detection and quantification of 8.07 and 24.47\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL, respectively. The enhanced extraction efficiency is attributed to controlled hydration of surface silanol groups, which establishes a balanced physicochemical environment favorable for steryl glucoside adsorption while substantially reducing the consumption of hazardous organic solvents. The proposed controlled silica hydration\u2010based SPE method provides a simple, environmentally friendly, and mechanistically guided pretreatment strategy for the determination of steryl glucoside in biodiesel and may also be applicable to the extraction of other polar lipid analytes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jssc.70553","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T07:08:41Z","timestamp":1791616121000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Controlled Silica Hydration Enables Mechanism\u2010guided Green Solid\u2010Phase Extraction for Steryl Glucoside Determination in Biodiesel"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"49","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-3956-9532","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad","family":"Rida'i","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biochemical Technology School of Bioresources and Technology King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-2324-1951","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Salisa","family":"Chumsantea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute (PDTI) King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT)  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2096-2859","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarttrawut","family":"Tulaphol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Sustainable Polymer &amp; Innovative Composite Materials Research Group Faculty of Science King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1253-4205","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kornkanok","family":"Aryusuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biochemical Technology School of Bioresources and Technology King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi  Bangkok Thailand"},{"name":"Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute (PDTI) King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT)  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejlt.200700158"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11746\u2010009\u20101489\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11746\u2010016\u20102798\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","unstructured":"K.Duff J. H.Van Gerpen andB. B.He \u201cMeasurement and Control Strategies for Sterol Glucosides to Improve Biodiesel Quality: Isolation and Characterization of Acylated Steryl Glucosides in Oilseed Crops of the Pacific Northwest \u201d (2010) National Institute for Advanced Transportation Technology (US)."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","unstructured":"J.Haupt J.Fisher K.Witt andT.Wilharm \u201cSteryl Glycosides and Acylated Steryl Glycosides in Vegetable Oils and Fatty Acid Methyl Esters Effects on the Filterability of Biodiesel Final Report \u201d (2011) Arbeitsgemeinschaft Qualit\u00e4tsmanagement Biodiesel eV."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11746\u2010013\u20102386\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1570\u20100232(02)00093\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745\u20104522.2005.00011.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11746\u2010008\u20101264\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejlt.201200181"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jssc.70391"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molliq.2020.114496"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trac.2015.08.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trac.2015.08.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soilbio.2010.03.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A.Cheewaphan K.Krisnangkura K.Aryusuk N.Jeyashoke andS.Lilitchan \u201cSeparation of Steryl Glucoside by Using Various Guard Columns With 100\u2010\u00c5 Phenogel Column \u201d in 3rdInternational Conference on Advanced Research in Applied Science & Engineering (2021):45\u201352.","DOI":"10.33422\/3rd.raseconf.2021.07.03"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2011.07.143"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/en11082132"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fuel.2014.11.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2013.08.041"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.D013987"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2022.132742"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11746\u2010011\u20101816\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","volume-title":"Introduction to Modern Liquid Chromatography","author":"Snyder L. 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