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A series of confirmatory factor analyses tested competing models for the covariation between Structured Clinical Interview for DSM\u2010III\u2010R diagnoses among 1,325 Vietnam veterans. The best\u2010fitting solution was a 3\u2010factor model that included two correlated internalizing factors: anxious\u2010misery, defined by PTSD and major depression, and fear, defined by panic disorder\/agoraphobia and obsessive\u2010compulsive disorder. The third factor, externalizing, was defined by antisocial personality disorder, alcohol abuse\/dependence, and drug abuse\/dependence. Both substance\u2010related disorders also showed significant, albeit smaller, cross\u2010loadings on the anxious\u2010misery factor. 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