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To obtain an insight into the course of postdisaster psychopathology, a community sample of survivors of the Enschede fireworks disaster was followed from 2\u20133 weeks to 4\u2010years postdisaster. Diagnostic interviews (Composite International Diagnostic Interview [CIDI]; World Health Organization, 1997) and childhood stressor interviews were administered at 2\u2010years postdisaster (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 260); the CIDI was repeated at 4\u2010years postdisaster (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 201, response rate 77.3%). At 2\u2010years postdisaster many survivors (40.6%) suffered from PTSD (21.8%), specific phobia (21.5%), and\/or depression (16.1%). These disorders were highly comorbid. At 4\u2010years postdisaster, prevalence significantly diminished. Instead of full recovery, diagnostic classifications shifted in several survivors over time. This resulted in low rates of PTSD but still elevated rates of depression and specific phobia. The course of the 3 entangled disorders of PTSD, depression, and specific phobia was further studied by constructing 4 groups of survivors based on the diagnostic status at 2\u2010 and 4\u2010years postdisaster: healthy, recovered, chronic, and delayed\u2010onset. Initial depressive symptoms, maternal dysfunction, childhood physical abuse, and disaster exposure were found to discriminate between the groups and predict long\u2010term psychopathology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.20663","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,3]],"date-time":"2011-08-03T23:48:28Z","timestamp":1312415308000},"page":"405-413","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["The course of mental health disorders after a disaster: Predictors and comorbidity"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Marie\u2010Louise","family":"Meewisse","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miranda","family":"Olff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rolf","family":"Kleber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neil J.","family":"Kitchiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Berthold P. 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