{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T12:16:02Z","timestamp":1765887362884},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,25]],"date-time":"2012-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1327449600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Traumatic Stress"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>This pilot study tested the validity of a 1\u2010item visual assessment method originally developed to evaluate suffering in chronic illness that has been adapted for use with patients who have been exposed to traumatic events. The Pictorial Representation of Illness and Self Measure (PRISM) was administered 5 times during the course of a posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatment outcome study (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic> = 29). The PRISM scores declined significantly under trauma\u2010focused psychotherapy and differentiated between participants with and without PTSD diagnoses. Test\u2010retest reliability over a 6\u2010month period was high (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic> = .85). PRISM showed significant correlations with measures of PTSD, depression, and psychopathology symptom load (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic> = \u2212.38 to <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic> = \u2212.81; convergent validity). At the same time, PRISM was not significantly related to trauma history (discriminant validity). Illustrations of symptom time courses indicated that PRISM was more closely related to trauma\u2010specific psychopathology than to nontrauma\u2010specific psychopathology (discriminant validity) and sensitive to change. In summary, PRISM appears to be a valid tool for the assessment of trauma\u2010related suffering and adds to multimethod approaches in trauma research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.20710","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,25]],"date-time":"2012-01-25T20:41:29Z","timestamp":1327524089000},"page":"94-97","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["PRISM (Pictorial Representation of Illness and Self Measure): A new method for the assessment of suffering after trauma"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Lutz","family":"Wittmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ulrich","family":"Schnyder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"B\u00fcchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0145-2134(02)00541-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2005.01.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","volume-title":"Clinician\u2010Administered PTSD Scale for DSM\u2010IV","author":"Blake D. 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