{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T12:41:39Z","timestamp":1790772099799,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,15]],"date-time":"2012-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1337040000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Traumatic Stress"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The purpose of this work was to study the relationship between reported traumatic experiences in childhood and positive psychotic symptoms. We hypothesized that dissociative experiences were potential mediators between childhood trauma and hallucinations, but not delusions. The sample comprised 71 patients diagnosed with psychoses. They were assessed with the Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES\u2010II; <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"#bib6\">Carlson &amp; Putnam, 1993<\/jats:ext-link>), a questionnaire on trauma (TQ; <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"#bib7\">Davidson, Hughes, &amp; Blazer, 1990<\/jats:ext-link>), and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS; <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"#bib16\">Kay, Opler, &amp; Lindenmayer, 1988<\/jats:ext-link>) delusions and hallucinations items. The results showed that childhood trauma was positively associated with the dissociation scale scores (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic> = .40) and also the hallucination (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic> = .36) and delusions scale scores (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic> = .32). Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the dissociation variable was a potential mediator between childhood trauma and hallucinations, but not between childhood trauma and delusions. Of the 3 DES\u2010II factors, only depersonalization showed a mediating relationship between childhood trauma and hallucinations. The main conclusion is that the impact of childhood trauma on hallucinations may not simply be direct, but mediated by dissociative experiences, especially depersonalization. Clinical implications are also briefly discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.21693","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,15]],"date-time":"2012-05-15T17:13:14Z","timestamp":1337101994000},"page":"323-329","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":112,"title":["Dissociative experiences as mediators between childhood trauma and auditory hallucinations"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Salvador","family":"Perona\u2010Garcel\u00e1n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"Carrascoso\u2010 L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 M.","family":"Garc\u00eda\u2010Montes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Jes\u00fas","family":"Ductor\u2010Recuerda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Ma","family":"L\u00f3pez Jim\u00e9nez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oscar","family":"Vallina\u2010Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marino","family":"P\u00e9rez\u2010\u00c1lvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Teresa","family":"G\u00f3mez\u2010G\u00f3mez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-440X(97)90928-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual for mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbm121"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0018021"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","first-page":"16","article-title":"An update on the Dissociative Experiences Scale","volume":"6","author":"Carlson E. B.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Dissociation"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.2490030314"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2008.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2005.07.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.134.5.617"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1024708916143"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2007.01011.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2004.08.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","first-page":"7","article-title":"Estudio de validaci\u00f3n de la escala de experiencias disociativas con muestra de poblaci\u00f3n espa\u00f1ola [Validity study of dissociative experience scale with a sample of Spanish population]","volume":"24","author":"Icaran E.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Actas Luso\u2010Espa\u00f1ola de Neurolog\u00eda, Psiquiatr\u00eda y Ciencias Afines"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1781(88)90038-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2011.01.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2005.00623.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0278-6133.27.2(Suppl.).S101"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470684214.ch15"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1348\/014466503322528892"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.nmd.0000185895.47704.62"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1300\/J513v06n02_04"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","first-page":"521","volume-title":"Dissociation and the dissociative disorders","author":"Moskowitz A.","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470699652"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","first-page":"63","article-title":"Directrices para la traducci\u00f3n y adaptaci\u00f3n de los test [Indications for translating and adapting psychological tests]","volume":"66","author":"Mu\u00f1iz J.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Papeles del Psic\u00f3logo"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15299732.2011.570592"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_1","first-page":"547","volume-title":"Dissociation and the dissociative disorders","author":"Nurcombe B.","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_1","first-page":"171","article-title":"Validaci\u00f3n de la Escala de los S\u00edndromes Positivo y Negativo (PANSS) en una muestra de esquizofr\u00e9nicos espa\u00f1oles [Validity of the scale of Positive and Negative Syndrome (PANSS) in a sample of Spanish schizophrenic people]","volume":"22","author":"Peralta V.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Actas Luso\u2010Espa\u00f1ola de Neurolog\u00eda, Psiquiatr\u00eda y Ciencias Afines"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0b013e318165c7c1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15299731003786462"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8260.2011.02015.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03206553"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BRM.40.3.879"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7028.28.5.448"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_35_1","first-page":"297","article-title":"Dissociative experiences in the general population: A factor analysis","volume":"42","author":"Ross C. A.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Hospital and Community Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1300\/J229v05n03_05"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_37_1","first-page":"535","volume-title":"Dissociation and the dissociative disorders","author":"Sar V.","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000255961"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(00)00100-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.100.3.366","article-title":"Disintegrated experience: The dissociative disorders revisited","volume":"3","author":"Spiegel D.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_41_1","volume-title":"Interviewers guide to the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM\u2010IV Dissociative Disorders (SCID\u2010D)","author":"Steinberg M.","year":"1994"}],"container-title":["Journal of Traumatic Stress"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjts.21693","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjts.21693","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jts.21693","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,21]],"date-time":"2023-11-21T18:27:40Z","timestamp":1700591260000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jts.21693"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,15]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jts.21693"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jts.21693","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0894-9867","1573-6598"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0894-9867","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-6598","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,15]]}}}