{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T12:54:29Z","timestamp":1784552069948,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,26]],"date-time":"2012-11-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1353888000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Traumatic Stress"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Although refugees are generally thought to be at increased risk for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depressive episode (MDE), few studies have compared onset of PTSD and MDE between refugees and voluntary migrants. Given differences in migration histories, onset should differ pre\u2010 and postmigration.\u00a0The National Latino and Asian American Survey (NLAAS) is a national representative, complex dataset measuring psychiatric morbidity, mental health service use, and migration history among Latino and Asian immigrants to the United States. Of the 3,260 foreign\u2010born participants, 660 were refugees (a weighted proportion of 9.52%).\u00a0Refugees were more likely to report a history of war\u2010related trauma, but reports of other traumatic events were similar. Premigration onset of PTSD was statistically higher for refugees than voluntary migrants, odds ratio (<jats:italic>OR)<\/jats:italic> = 4.86, 95% confidence interval (CI) [2.01, 11.76], where postmigration onset for PTSD was not, <jats:italic>OR<\/jats:italic> = 0.61, 95% CI [0.29, 1.28]; a similar pattern was found for MDE, <jats:italic>OR<\/jats:italic> = 1.98, 95% CI [1.11, 3.51]; and <jats:italic>OR<\/jats:italic> = 1.02, 95% CI [0.65, 1.62], respectively. Although refugees arrive in host countries with more pressing psychiatric needs, onset is comparable over time, suggesting that postmigration refugees and voluntary migrants may be best served by similar programs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.21763","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,26]],"date-time":"2012-11-26T20:44:02Z","timestamp":1353962642000},"page":"705-712","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Onset of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Major Depression Among Refugees and Voluntary Migrants to the United States"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Andrew","family":"Rasmussen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Fordham University  Bronx New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mia","family":"Crager","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stanford School of Law  Palo Alto California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ray E.","family":"Baser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan\u2010Kettering Cancer Center  New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tracy","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health and Nutrition Sciences, Brooklyn College City University of New York  Brooklyn New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Gany","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Memorial Sloan\u2010Kettering Cancer Center  New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mpr.280"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mpr.178"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mpr.181"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.92.2.220"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1300\/J191v01n02_02"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127\u2010003\u20100596\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327752jpa8501_05"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.290.5.627"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10903\u2010005\u20103678\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","volume-title":"Structured Clinical Interview for DSM\u2010IV Axis I Disorders","author":"First M. 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