{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T18:15:46Z","timestamp":1793124946673,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,13]],"date-time":"2014-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1399939200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Traumatic Stress"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Research has consistently linked symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) with relationship distress in combat veterans and their partners. Studies of specific clusters of PTSD symptoms indicate that symptoms of emotional numbing\/withdrawal (now referred to as negative alterations in cognition and mood) are more strongly linked with relationship distress than other symptom clusters. These findings, however, are based predominantly on samples of male veterans. Given the increasing numbers of female veterans, research on potential gender differences in these associations is needed. The present study examined gender differences in the multivariate associations of PTSD symptom clusters with relationship distress in 465 opposite\u2010sex couples (375 with male veterans and 90 with female veterans) from the National Vietnam Veterans Readjustment Study. Comparisons of nested path models revealed that emotional numbing\/withdrawal symptoms were associated with relationship distress in both types of couples. The strength of this association, however, was stronger for female veterans (<jats:italic>b<\/jats:italic>\u00a0= .46) and female partners (<jats:italic>b<\/jats:italic>\u00a0= .28), compared to male veterans (<jats:italic>b<\/jats:italic>\u00a0= .38) and male partners (<jats:italic>b<\/jats:italic>\u00a0= .26). Results suggest that couples\u2010based interventions (e.g., psychoeducation regarding emotional numbing symptoms as part of PTSD) are particularly important for both female partners of male veterans and female veterans themselves.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.21916","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,13]],"date-time":"2014-05-13T20:35:11Z","timestamp":1400013311000},"page":"283-290","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Gender Differences in the Associations of PTSD Symptom Clusters With Relationship Distress in U.S. Vietnam Veterans and Their Partners"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Keith D.","family":"Renshaw","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology George Mason University  Fairfax Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah B.","family":"Campbell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology George Mason University  Fairfax Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Meis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Chronic Disease Outcomes Research Minneapolis VA Health Care System  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Minnesota Medical School  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Erbes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Chronic Disease Outcomes Research Minneapolis VA Health Care System  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Minnesota Medical School  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511628191.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","volume-title":"Amos (Version 18.0) [Computer Program]","author":"Arbuckle J. 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