{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T17:15:12Z","timestamp":1790270112865,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,27]],"date-time":"2017-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1511740800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Traumatic Stress"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Northern Ireland is an appropriate region to examine the impact of traumatic experiences, owing to the many years of civil violence that have characterized its recent history, known colloquially as the \u201cTroubles.\u201d Given the prominence of traumatic experiences among the aging population of Northern Ireland (NI), an evidence base is required to inform the planning and provision of effective mental health and other services. We analyzed the follow\u2010up interviews (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 225) of individuals from the Northern Ireland Study of Health and Stress (NISHS), aged 45 years and older, who experienced one or more conflict\u2010related traumatic events. This study demonstrated that in NI traumatic events, such as being involved in an explosion, seeing someone killed or seriously injured, and living in a region of terror were most likely to be related to the Troubles. However, event types that we had not previously known to be related to conflict (such as the sudden death of a loved one), were also often related to the Troubles. Two\u2010thirds of participants (67.1%) reported exposure to a Troubles\u2010related event, and 57.8% reported being a civilian in a region of terror. The vast majority (85.9%) of participants who experienced a Troubles\u2010related trauma never sought help, despite 59.1% meeting the criteria for a lifetime mental disorder. The reasons for not seeking help and sources of help are outlined. Policy makers must address Troubles\u2010related mental health effects, in terms of how they carry forward into aging, and consider ways of improving engagement with services and treatments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.22237","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,27]],"date-time":"2017-11-27T13:28:50Z","timestamp":1511789330000},"page":"593-601","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Exposure to Trauma and Mental Health Service Engagement Among Adults Who Were Children of the Northern Ireland Troubles of 1968 to 1998"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Finola","family":"Ferry","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bamford Centre for Mental Health and Wellbeing, School of Psychology Ulster University  Coleraine Northern Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edel","family":"Ennis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology Ulster University  Coleraine Northern Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brendan","family":"Bunting","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology Ulster University  Coleraine Northern Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Murphy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology Ulster University  Coleraine Northern Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Bolton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Initiative for Conflict\u2010Related Trauma  Enniskillen Northern Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siobhan","family":"O'Neill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology Ulster University  Coleraine Northern Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0000000000000174"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291713001943"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-13-182"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.21766"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291711002510"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-012-0518-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.175.3.201"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.20313"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_12_1","volume-title":"Mapping Troubles\u2010related deaths in Northern Ireland 1969\u20131998","author":"Fay M. T.","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_13_1","volume-title":"Trauma, health and conflict in Northern Ireland: A study of the epidemiology of trauma related disorders and qualitative investigation of the impact of trauma on the individual","author":"Ferry F.","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2016.09.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0000000000000108"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/da.22169"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1121189X00001421"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_18_1","unstructured":"Leavey G. Galway K. Mallon S. Hughes L. Rond\u00f3n\u2010Sulbar\u00e1n J. &Rosato M.(2016).Understanding suicide and help\u2010seeking in urban and rural areas in Northern Ireland. HSC R&D Division of the Public Health Agency. Retrieved fromhttp:\/\/www.research.hscni.net\/sites\/default\/files\/EXECUTIVE%20SUMMARY.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_19_1","unstructured":"Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency. (2012).2012\u2010based Northern Ireland population projections. 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