{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,24]],"date-time":"2023-09-24T04:31:29Z","timestamp":1695529889199},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,20]],"date-time":"2018-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1529452800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":19,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Traumatic Stress"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prolonged exposure (PE) therapy is traditionally delivered individually to patients. To engage more veterans in care, an in vivo exposure group treatment was developed in an urban VA medical center. This treatment represented a modification of the in vivo exposure portion of PE, with the addition of in\u2010session, therapist\u2010assisted in vivo exposures. Here, we describe this 12\u2010week treatment and present preliminary outcome data. Demographics and pre\u2010 and posttreatment scores on the PTSD Checklist\u2013Specific (PCL\u2010S) and Beck Depression Inventory\u2013II (BDI\u2010II) were extracted from a program evaluation database. The sample included veterans with a diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) who participated in the in vivo exposure group between October 2010 and March 2014 and had available treatment outcome data (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic> = 43). The majority of participants in the sample were male (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 41, 95.3%) and Black (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 34, 79.1%). Participation in the in vivo group was associated with a significant decrease in PCL\u2010S scores, with a medium\u2010large effect size, <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>(42) = 5.35, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; .001, <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic> = 0.73, and a significant decrease in BDI\u2010II scores, with a small effect size, <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>(38) = 2.55, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = .015, <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic> = 0.23. Previous participation in an evidenced\u2010based treatment (EBT) was not associated with symptom change following the in vivo group. Findings suggest that in vivo exposure group therapy constitutes a promising intervention for individuals who decline EBTs or remain symptomatic after completing an EBT for PTSD. Further study of this treatment using a randomized controlled trial design is warranted.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.22285","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,20]],"date-time":"2018-06-20T16:50:17Z","timestamp":1529513417000},"page":"410-418","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Description and Preliminary Outcomes of an In Vivo Exposure Group Treatment for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Eliora","family":"Porter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterans Affairs Maryland Health Care System (VAMHCS)  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erin G.","family":"Romero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterans Affairs Maryland Health Care System (VAMHCS)  Baltimore Maryland USA"},{"name":"Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC) Veterans Affairs Capitol Health Care Network (VISN 5)  Baltimore Maryland USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of Maryland School of Medicine  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melissa D.","family":"Barone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterans Affairs Maryland Health Care System (VAMHCS)  Baltimore Maryland USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of Maryland School of Medicine  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7894(96)80045-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM\u2010IV\u2010TR","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","volume-title":"Beck Depression Inventory\u2010II manual","author":"Beck A. 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