{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T13:21:30Z","timestamp":1770988890090,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,11]],"date-time":"2020-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1586563200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Israel Insurance Association"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Traumatic Stress"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) are common conditions following motor vehicle accidents (MVAs). Mild TBI and PTSD not only share similar features but may also coexist and interact. Nonetheless, research on psychotherapeutic interventions for PTSD in patients with a history of mTBI, particularly regarding pediatric populations, is limited. The present study compared the efficacy of the prolonged exposure treatment protocol for children and adolescents (PE\u2010A) with PTSD and mTBI (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 16) versus PTSD alone (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 21); treatment commenced at least 3 months following an MVA. Emotional status and cognitive functioning were assessed pre\u2010 and postintervention using questionnaires and standardized neuropsychological tests. Participants from both groups benefitted from the intervention, as reflected in their emotional status via increased ratings of well\u2010being and decreased ratings of PTSD, anxiety, depression, and postconcussive symptoms, \u03b7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> = .21\u2013.50. Ratings of cognitive function also improved for cognitive flexibility, \u03b7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> = .30; executive function in everyday life, \u03b7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> = .27; and attention and inhibition, \u03b7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> = .16. Parental PTSD was the strongest predictor of improvement after intervention, <jats:italic>sr<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> = .35. Thus, it appears that PE\u2010A is an effective intervention for children with MVA\u2010related PTSD regardless of its comorbidity with mTBI.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.22512","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,11]],"date-time":"2020-04-11T15:29:54Z","timestamp":1586618994000},"page":"330-337","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Efficacy of Psychological Intervention for Children with Concurrent Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Mild Traumatic Brain Injury"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2913-2595","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maayan","family":"Shorer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological Medicine Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel  Petach\u2010Tikva Israel"},{"name":"Clinical Psychology Program Ruppin Academic Center  Emek\u2010Hefer Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shira","family":"Segev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leslie and Susan Gonda (Goldschmied) Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center Bar Ilan University  Ramat\u2010Gan Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuri","family":"Rassovsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leslie and Susan Gonda (Goldschmied) Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center Bar Ilan University  Ramat\u2010Gan Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Silvana","family":"Fennig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological Medicine Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel  Petach\u2010Tikva Israel"},{"name":"Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alan","family":"Apter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological Medicine Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel  Petach\u2010Tikva Israel"},{"name":"Clinical Psychology Program Ruppin Academic Center  Emek\u2010Hefer Israel"},{"name":"Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tammy Pilowsky","family":"Peleg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological Medicine Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel  Petach\u2010Tikva Israel"},{"name":"Department of Psychology The Hebrew University of Jerusalem  Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","unstructured":"American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine. (1993).Definition of mild traumatic brain injury. Retrieved fromhttp:\/\/www.acrm.org\/pdf\/TBIDef_English_Oct2010.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890423349"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2009-0925"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psc.2009.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S135561770808017X"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7205\/MILMED-D-01-5808"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0016908"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2011.13.2\/rbryant","article-title":"Post\u2010traumatic stress disorder vs. traumatic brain injury","volume":"13","author":"Bryant R. A.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.160.3.585"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","volume-title":"Conners\u2019 Rating Scales\u2010Revised","author":"Conners C. K.","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","volume-title":"Conners' Continuous Performance Test II: Computer program for Windows technical guide and software","author":"Conners C. K.","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acn.2004.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13854046.2014.951397"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0031525"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","volume-title":"Delis\u2013Kaplan Executive Function System","author":"Delis D. C.","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Applying a traumatic stress approach to understanding PCS following pediatric mild TBI","volume":"7049","author":"Donlon K.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Child Neuropsychology"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.psy.42.1.48"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4899-1528-3_16"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.9.4.445"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/med:psych\/9780195331745.001.0001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/S15374424JCCP3003_9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2010.07.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1076\/chin.6.3.235.3152"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","volume-title":"Traumatic brain injury: Methods for clinical and forensic neuropsychiatric assessment","author":"Granacher R. P.","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13803390490918444"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_1","first-page":"171","volume-title":"Neuropscyhological management of mild traumatic brain injury","author":"Hovland D.","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3102\/10769986024001021"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199707000-00021"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1682\/JRRD.2006.12.0166"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09297049.2010.533166"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.20667"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_33_1","volume-title":"Manual of the Children's Depression Inventory","author":"Kovacs M.","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2014.666"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/ern.11.94"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0894-4105.11.3.447"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-803676-1.00020-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0033324"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00008480-199908000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0b013e3181b97a75"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_41_1","volume-title":"Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (4th ed.), Hebrew version","author":"PsychTech LLC.","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_42_1","volume-title":"Manual for Raven's Progressive Matrices and Vocabulary Scales. Section 1: General overview","author":"Raven J.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/neu0000299"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1983.01790100074010"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_45_1","article-title":"Psychological treatment for anxiety in people with traumatic brain injury","volume":"3","author":"Soo C.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_46_1","volume-title":"State\u2010Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children","author":"Spielberger C.","year":"1973"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.21813"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02699052.2013.873821"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_49_1","volume-title":"Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM)","author":"Tombaugh T. N.","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000376585"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0000000000000344"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_52_1","volume-title":"Wellbeing measures in Primary Health Care\/The Depcare Project","author":"World Health Organization (WHO)","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpediatrics.2011.1082"}],"container-title":["Journal of Traumatic Stress"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjts.22512","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jts.22512","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jts.22512","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jts.22512","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]],"date-time":"2023-09-05T19:29:04Z","timestamp":1693942144000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jts.22512"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,11]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jts.22512"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jts.22512","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0894-9867","1573-6598"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0894-9867","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-6598","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-06-12","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-11-02","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-04-11","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}