{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T10:48:39Z","timestamp":1787827719038,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,29]],"date-time":"2020-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593388800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Traumatic Stress"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Despite research demonstrating the benefit of exposure\u2010based therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in patients with co\u2010occurring substance use disorders, there remains a strong clinical expectation that this treatment will exacerbate substance use or other psychiatric symptoms. The present study evaluated within\u2010session and session\u2010to\u2010session changes in (a) craving and use of substances for a range of drug classes and (b) symptoms of PTSD and other psychiatric distress in a sample of 44 SUD patients who received prolonged exposure (PE) therapy for PTSD. Visual analog scales showed no within\u2010session increases in craving, except for cocaine, within Session 8. Across sessions, craving scores dropped for heroin, methadone, benzodiazepines, and cocaine; no increases in craving were found. Past\u2010week substance use reported at each session did not differ. The severity of PTSD symptoms and self\u2010reported serious emotional problems decreased from Session 1 to subsequent sessions, with no increases or decreases in other psychiatric, social, or medical problems. Finally, PTSD severity was unrelated to substance use reported 1 or 2 weeks later. Substance use during the past week was associated with higher PTSD severity scores at the next session, <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic> = 6.86 (<jats:italic>SE<\/jats:italic> = 2.87), <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = .018, but was not associated 2 weeks later. These findings indicate that the concern that exposure therapy for PTSD will increase SUD patients\u2019 substance use or other psychiatric symptoms may be unwarranted, and, thus, SUD patients, including those who are actively using, should have access to effective treatments for PTSD, like PE.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.22546","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,29]],"date-time":"2020-06-29T18:05:40Z","timestamp":1593453940000},"page":"465-476","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["The Effects of Prolonged Exposure on Substance Use in Patients With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Substance Use Disorders"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1192-3965","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica M.","family":"Peirce","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2122-8384","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebecca L.","family":"Schacht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Maryland, Baltimore County  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert K.","family":"Brooner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890423349"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2005.05.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2018.11.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00952990.2018.1454935"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.2490080106"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/ccp0000180"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1024467507565"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/adb0000201"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0893-164X.20.4.425"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0376-8716(98)00028-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2017.06.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","first-page":"161","article-title":"The Modified PTSD Symptom Scale: A brief self\u2010report measure of posttraumatic stress disorder","volume":"16","author":"Falsetti S. 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