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The present study aimed to examine the (a) association between maltreatment in parents and maltreatment of their children through risk (i.e., parent depression) and protective (i.e., parent\u2013child connectedness) factors and (b) associations between CM in children with aggression through posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and peer\/sibling victimization. Participants were 227 parent\u2013child dyads from Burundi, Africa, a low\u2010income country. Parents were 18 years of age or older, and children were 12\u201318 years (<jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic> = 14.76, <jats:italic>SD<\/jats:italic> = 1.88, 57.7% female). Among parents, 20.7%\u201369.5% of participants reported a history of physical and emotional abuse and neglect; among children, the rates of sexual, physical, and emotional abuse ranged from 14.5% to 89.4%. A history of CM in parents was associated with CM in children, <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic> = 0.19, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; .01, and CM in parents was indirectly associated with CM in children through parent\u2013child connectedness, \u03b2 = .04, 95% CI [.01, .10], and parental depression, \u03b2 = .08, 95% CI [.03, .15]. In children, maltreatment was positively associated with peer\/sibling victimization, and CM was associated with aggression, \u03b2 = .07, 95% CI [.04, 0.11], through PTSS but not via peer\/sibling victimization. Continued efforts to improve CM\u2010related preventive strategies and the accessibility of prevention services are needed to reduce CM in low\u2010income countries such as Burundi.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.22735","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,17]],"date-time":"2021-10-17T10:45:59Z","timestamp":1634467559000},"page":"943-954","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Intergenerational maltreatment in parent\u2013child dyads from Burundi, Africa: Associations among parental depression and connectedness, posttraumatic stress symptoms, and aggression in children"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5806-6884","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruby","family":"Charak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological Science The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley  Edinburg Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.T.V.M.","family":"De Jong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amsterdam University Medical Center  Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"School of Medicine Boston University  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lidewyde H.","family":"Berckmoes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"African Studies Centre Leiden University  Leiden The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Herman","family":"Ndayisaba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transcultural Psychosocial Organisation, Burundi  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ria","family":"Reis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leiden University Medical Center Leiden University  Leiden The Netherlands"},{"name":"Amsterdam Institute for Social Science Research University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"The Children's Institute University of Cape Town  Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2018.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2018.07.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10826-018-1122-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","volume-title":"Social learning theory","author":"Bandura A. 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