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Executive functioning (EF) is important for success across all aspects of everyday life and predicts better psychological and physical health. EF is important to QOL, but more work is needed to better understand the association between EF and QOL improvements following interventions. We hypothesized that poorer baseline EF would be associated with less improvement in overall life satisfaction and satisfaction with health following PTSD treatment. U.S. veterans who served after the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks (post 9\u201311; <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic> = 80) with PTSD and a history of mild\u2010to\u2010moderate traumatic brain injury were randomized to standard cognitive processing therapy (CPT) or CPT combined with cognitive rehabilitation (SMART\u2010CPT). Multilevel modeling was used to examine whether baseline EF performance was associated with changes in QOL scores from pretreatment to follow\u2010up across both groups. Results indicated that poorer baseline performance on EF tests of working memory and inhibition were associated with less treatment\u2010related improvements in general life satisfaction and satisfaction with health, <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>s = .26\u2013.36. Treatment condition did not moderate any results. Future research should examine whether implementing EF\u2010focused techniques before and\/or concurrently with CPT for individuals with poorer baseline working memory and inhibition enhances QOL treatment gains, particularly in terms of general life and health\u2010related satisfaction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.22883","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,7]],"date-time":"2022-10-07T06:49:41Z","timestamp":1665125381000},"page":"94-105","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Baseline executive functioning moderates treatment\u2010related changes in quality of life in veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder and comorbid traumatic brain injury"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8713-1211","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura D.","family":"Crocker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Service VA San Diego Healthcare System  San Diego California USA"},{"name":"Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health VA San Diego Healthcare System  San Diego California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Molly J.","family":"Sullan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychology Service VA San Diego Healthcare System  San Diego California USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of California San Diego  San Diego California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah M.","family":"Jurick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Service VA San Diego Healthcare System  San Diego California USA"},{"name":"Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health VA San Diego Healthcare System  San Diego California USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of California San Diego  San Diego California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kelsey R.","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Service VA San Diego Healthcare System  San Diego California USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of California San Diego  San Diego California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Delaney K.","family":"Davey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Service VA San Diego Healthcare System  San Diego California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samantha N.","family":"Hoffman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"San Diego State University\/University of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology  San Diego California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth W.","family":"Twamley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Service VA San Diego Healthcare System  San Diego California USA"},{"name":"Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health VA San Diego Healthcare System  San Diego California USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of California San Diego  San Diego California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amy J.","family":"Jak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health VA San Diego Healthcare System  San Diego California USA"},{"name":"Psychology Service VA San Diego Healthcare System  San Diego California USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of California San Diego  San Diego California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2016.00386"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association. 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