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Untreated PTSD increases the risk of substance use problems after release, contributing to a well\u2010documented cycle of trauma, addiction, and incarceration. However, evidence\u2010based, trauma\u2010focused therapy for PTSD is rarely offered in prisons, and there is little research that can guide implementation efforts. In preparation for an effectiveness\u2013implementation hybrid II pilot trial examining group\u2010delivered cognitive processing therapy (CPT) in prisons, we conducted a formative evaluation using interviews structured according to the consolidated framework for implementation research (i.e., CFIR). Participants were correction center leadership, treatment staff, health care staff, and security staff (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 22) and incarcerated persons (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 14; 57.1% female). We found that CPT was highly compatible with residents\u2019 needs and the centers\u2019 available resources, culture, existing programs, and current workflow. CPT was also acceptable to all stakeholders. Potential barriers were the lower relative priority for CPT compared with programs that are reinforced at the system level, limited staff time to deliver CPT, limited staff knowledge about PTSD, and center features that could distract from CPT groups and\/or training or be countertherapeutic. Taken together, CPT is a promising trauma\u2010focused therapy for corrections, but these findings underscore the importance of identifying and matching potential barriers to effective implementation strategies a priori and work in the policy arena to promote sustainability.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.22898","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,5]],"date-time":"2022-12-05T08:34:29Z","timestamp":1670229269000},"page":"193-204","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Implementation of group cognitive processing therapy in correction centers: Anticipated determinants from formative evaluation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1125-110X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melissa J.","family":"Zielinski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychiatric Research Institute University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences  Little Rock Arkansas USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychological Science University of Arkansas  Fayetteville Arkansas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. Kathryn","family":"Allison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychiatric Research Institute University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences  Little Rock Arkansas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mollee K. Steely","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychiatric Research Institute University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences  Little Rock Arkansas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Geoffrey","family":"Curran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychiatric Research Institute University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences  Little Rock Arkansas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Debra","family":"Kaysen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Stanford University  Palo Alto California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"JoAnn E.","family":"Kirchner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychiatric Research Institute University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences  Little Rock Arkansas USA"},{"name":"Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System  Little Rock Arkansas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1300\/J146v06n01_10"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/epirev\/mxx015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1211853"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888\u2010014\u20100360\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1300\/J012v16n01"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1748\u20105908\u20104\u201050"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13012\u2010021\u201001181\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/FCH.0000000000000073"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.13877"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","unstructured":"First M. B. Williams J. B. W. Karg R. S. &Spitzer R. L.(2015).Structured Clinical Interview for DSM\u20105\u2014Research Version (SCID\u20105 for DSM\u20105 Research Version; SCID\u20105\u2010RV). American Psychiatric Association."},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","first-page":"471","article-title":"Exploring and healing invisible wounds: Perceptions of trauma\u2010specific treatment from incarcerated men and women","volume":"10","author":"Gajewski\u2010Nemes J.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Trauma & Treatment"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","unstructured":"International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies. (2018).ISTSS prevention and treatment guidelines.https:\/\/istss.org\/clinical\u2010resources\/treating\u2010trauma\/new\u2010istss\u2010prevention\u2010and\u2010treatment\u2010guidelines"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1524838018767933"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.08.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/20008198.2020.1735162"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0306624\/15603082"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1049731504265837"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","unstructured":"MAXQDA. 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