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Although empirical research has noted a range of symptom patterns that follow traumatic injury, minimal work has examined the role of racial discrimination in relation to PTSD symptom trajectories. The current study assessed racial discrimination and PTSD symptom trajectories at 6 months postinjury across two separate samples of traumatically injured Black Americans (i.e. emergency department (ED)\u2013discharged and hospitalized). Identified PTSD symptom trajectories largely reflect those previously reported (i.e., ED: nonremitting, moderate, remitting, and resilient; hospitalized: nonremitting, delayed, and resilient), although the resilient trajectory was less represented than expected given past research (ED: 55.8%, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 62; hospitalized: 46.9%, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 38). Finally, higher racial discrimination was associated with nonremitting, ED: relative risk ratio (<jats:italic>RR<\/jats:italic>) = 1.32, hospitalized: <jats:italic>RR<\/jats:italic> = 1.23; moderate, ED: <jats:italic>RR<\/jats:italic> = 1.18; and delayed, hospitalized: <jats:italic>RR<\/jats:italic> = 1.26, PTSD symptom trajectories. Overall, the current findings not only emphasize the inimical effects of racial discrimination but also demonstrate the unique ways in which race\u2010related negative events can impact PTSD symptom levels and recovery across time.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.23051","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,23]],"date-time":"2024-04-23T04:29:24Z","timestamp":1713846564000},"page":"697-709","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Racial discrimination increases the risk for nonremitting posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in traumatically injured Black individuals living in the United States"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6826-2099","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucas","family":"Torres","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Marquette University  Milwaukee Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy J.","family":"Geier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Division of Trauma &amp; Acute Care Surgery Medical College of Wisconsin  Milwaukee Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9199-8632","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carissa W.","family":"Tomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Health and Equity Division of Epidemiology and Social Sciences Medical College of Wisconsin  Milwaukee Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire M.","family":"Bird","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baylor Scott and White Research Institute Trauma Research Consortium Baylor University Medical Center  Dallas Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sydney","family":"Timmer\u2010Murillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Division of Trauma &amp; Acute Care Surgery Medical College of Wisconsin  Milwaukee Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine L.","family":"Larson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Wisconsin\u2010Milwaukee  Milwaukee Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9485-0625","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Terri A.","family":"deRoon\u2010Cassini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Division of Trauma &amp; 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