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Animal\u2010assisted therapy (AAT) has been proposed as an adjunct to TF\u2010CBT for improving emotion regulation following maltreatment. The current study reports findings from a randomized controlled feasibility trial (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic> = 33; <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>age<\/jats:sub> = 11.79 years, <jats:italic>SD<\/jats:italic> = 3.08; 63.6% White; 66.7% female) that measured youths\u2019 resting RSA, RSA reactivity, and RSA recovery in response to a pretreatment laboratory challenge. We tested whether (a) lower pretreatment resting RSA was associated with blunted RSA during the challenge; (b) either of the pretreatment RSA dimensions predicted more severe pretreatment PTSD symptoms; and (c) either of the pretreatment RSA dimensions predicted less severe posttreatment PTSD symptoms and, as an exploratory aim, whether this was moderated by treatment group (i.e., TF\u2010CBT vs. TF\u2010CBT + AAT). Results from multiple linear regression indicated that, after controlling for pretreatment symptom severity, there was a large effect size for higher resting RSA predicting less severe caregiver\u2010reported posttreatment PTSD symptoms, \u03b2 = \u2212.52, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> =\u00a0.058, and higher RSA during recovery predicting less severe child\u2010reported posttreatment PTSD symptoms, \u03b2 = \u2212.70, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> =\u00a0.056, although these findings were not significant. These preliminary results offer important insights for future studies to investigate how the ability to regulate RSA informs which children need additional support to benefit from psychotherapeutic treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.23053","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,14]],"date-time":"2024-05-14T16:14:26Z","timestamp":1715703266000},"page":"850-863","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The influence of pretreatment respiratory sinus arrhythmia dimensions on trauma\u2010focused cognitive behavioral therapy outcomes: Findings from a randomized controlled feasibility trial"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8148-8324","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michelle P.","family":"Brown","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for the Protection of Children The Pennsylvania State University Milton S. 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Hershey Medical Center  Hershey Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine  Hershey Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2512-8548","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emily D.","family":"Dunning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Development and Family Studies The Pennsylvania State University  University Park Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6507-5463","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Metzli A.","family":"Lombera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology The Pennsylvania State University  University Park Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-4300-7669","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashley M.","family":"Bucher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine  Hershey Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4258-8255","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nancy A.","family":"Dreschel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science The Pennsylvania State University  University Park Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077559520988790"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association. 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