{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T09:20:39Z","timestamp":1762507239104,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,1]],"date-time":"2017-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1512086400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Clinical Key Specialty Construction Projects of China"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Ultrasound Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the features of adrenal masses on ultrasonography and correlate the findings with the pathologic diagnoses to help distinguish benign from malignant adrenal lesions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ultrasonography was performed in 1363 patients with adrenal lesions. The following ultrasonographic parameters were recorded: size, shape, margin, echogenicity, echo texture, cystic necrosis, calcifications, and blood supply. The sensitivity and specificity of aggressive features for predicting malignancy were calculated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 1385 adrenal lesions, 66 (4.8%) were malignant: 33 malignant pheochromocytomas, 20 adrenal cortical carcinomas, 10 metastases, 2 leiomyosarcomas, and 1 primitive neuroectodermal tumor. The remaining 1319 (95.2%) lesions were benign: 832 adenomas, 182 pheochromocytomas, 153 nodular adrenal hyperplasia, 54 myelolipomas, 42 cysts, 23 ganglioneuromas, 10 schwannomas, 8 cortical tumor eosinophils, 4 teratomas, 4 tuberculosis, 4 primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease, and 3 Castleman disease. Most of the tumors were regular and hypoechoic. The malignant lesions were significantly larger than the benign lesions (mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009SD, 6.3\u2009\u00b1\u20092.4 versus 4.6\u2009\u00b1\u20091.7\u2009cm; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.01). Significant differences between malignant and benign tumors were observed when comparing the shape, margins, echo texture and vascularization of the analyzed lesions (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.01). An irregular shape, poor definition of margins, heterogeneous echo texture, and vascularization indicated malignancy, with sensitivity and specificity of 45.5% and 97.0%, 34.8% and 99.2%, 92.4% and 97.3%, and 15.2% and 97.5%, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ultrasonography could be an effective diagnostic supplementary tool for adrenal tumors. A large size, irregular shape, poorly defined margins, heterogeneous echo texture, and vascularization of adrenal lesions could be effective indicators of malignancy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jum.14471","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,1]],"date-time":"2017-12-01T19:51:40Z","timestamp":1512157900000},"page":"2249-2257","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Ultrasonographic Findings of 1385 Adrenal Masses: A Retrospective Study of 1319 Benign and 66 Malignant Masses"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Xia","family":"Gong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasound, Rui Jin Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yifei","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasound, Rui Jin Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2509-5398","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Weiwei","family":"Zhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasound, Rui Jin Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 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