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Quantitative elasticity values (mean elasticity, maximum elasticity, and standard deviation of elasticity of a large region of interest and mean elasticity of a 2\u2010mm region of interest) were measured on 2D and 3D SWE. Diagnostic performances of conventional US, 2D SWE, and 3D SWE were assessed. The role of 2D and 3D SWE in reducing unnecessary fine\u2010needle aspiration (FNA) for nodules with low suspicion was also evaluated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The diagnostic performances in terms of the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve were 0.612 for conventional US, 0.836 for 2D SWE (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001 in comparison with conventional US), and 0.839 for 3D SWE (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001 in comparison with conventional US). The mean elasticity achieved the highest diagnostic performance in 2D SWE, whereas the standard deviation of elasticity achieved the highest performance in 3D SWE, although no significant difference was found between them (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u2009.05). Three\u2010dimensional SWE increased the specificity in comparison with 2D SWE (88.5% versus 82.3%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.039). For the 37 nodules with low suspicion on conventional US imaging, 2D SWE was able to avoid unnecessary FNA in 77.1% (27 of 35) of benign nodules, and 3D SWE further increased the number to 88.6% (31 of 35).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Three\u2010dimensional SWE is a useful tool for predicting thyroid nodule malignancy and reducing unnecessary FNA procedures in thyroid nodules with low suspicion of malignancy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jum.14531","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,10]],"date-time":"2018-01-10T12:49:07Z","timestamp":1515588547000},"page":"1777-1788","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Three\u2010Dimensional Shear Wave Elastography for Differentiating Benign From Malignant Thyroid 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