{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T14:46:52Z","timestamp":1788274012072,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,31]],"date-time":"2018-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1535673600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Ultrasound Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prolotherapy is an injection\u2010based complementary treatment for various musculoskeletal diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of ultrasound\u2010guided prolotherapy in the treatment of acromial enthesopathy and acromioclavicular joint arthropathy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty\u2010one patients with chronic moderate\u2010to\u2010severe shoulder pain were recruited from September 2015 to September 2017. Ultrasound\u2010guided prolotherapy was performed by injecting 10\u2009mL of a 15% dextrose solution into the acromial enthesis of the deltoid or acromioclavicular joint capsule aseptically. Prolotherapy was given in 2 sessions separated by a 1\u2010month interval. The pretreatment\u2010to\u2010posttreatment change in the pain visual analog scale (VAS) score was recorded as the primary outcome. The mean follow\u2010up duration was 61.8 days. A paired <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic> test was used to assess the difference in pretreatment and posttreatment VAS scores. A univariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify the demographic variables associated with substantial pain reduction after the intervention. Substantial pain reduction was defined as a posttreatment VAS score of 3 or less.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty of the 31 patients reported substantial pain reduction without adverse effects after the intervention. The mean VAS score reduction\u2009\u00b1\u2009SD was 4.3\u2009\u00b1\u20092.6 (pretreatment, 6.8\u2009\u00b1\u20091.5; posttreatment, 2.5\u2009\u00b1\u20092.1; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.01).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ultrasound\u2010guided prolotherapy with a 15% dextrose solution is an effective and safe therapeutic option for moderate\u2010to\u2010severe acromial enthesopathy and acromioclavicular joint arthropathy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jum.14727","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,1]],"date-time":"2018-09-01T06:20:16Z","timestamp":1535782816000},"page":"605-612","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Ultrasound\u2010Guided Prolotherapy for Acromial Enthesopathy and Acromioclavicular Joint Arthropathy: A Single\u2010Arm Prospective Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Pei\u2010Chun","family":"Hsieh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Taipei Veterans General Hospital  Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine National Yang\u2010Ming University  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong\u2010Jen","family":"Chiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Taipei Veterans General Hospital  Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine National Yang\u2010Ming University  Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsin\u2010Kai","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Taipei Veterans General Hospital  Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine National Yang\u2010Ming University  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi\u2010Chen","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Taipei Veterans General Hospital  Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine National Yang\u2010Ming University  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yung\u2010Hui","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Taipei Veterans General Hospital  Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine National Yang\u2010Ming University  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2014.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/17453678308996597"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2017.11.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","first-page":"380","article-title":"Therapeutic efficacy of corticosteroid injections in the acromioclavicular joint","volume":"34","author":"Jacob AK","year":"1997","journal-title":"Biomed Sci Instrum"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.05.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2015.04.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546513485359"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2016.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4137\/CMAMD.S39160"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/acm.2017.0068"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2017.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep25247"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/10755530050120673"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2010.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","volume-title":"Ligament and Tendon Relaxation (Skeletal Disability) Treated by Prolotherapy (Fibro\u2010osseous Proliferation): With Special Reference to Occipito\u2010cervical and Low Back Disability, Trigger Point Pain, Referred Pain, Headache and Sciatica","author":"Hackett GS","year":"1958"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2006.03.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0b013e31818377b6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00325481.1960.11712804"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2017.06.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.9.5830"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.09.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmrj.2016.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","first-page":"68","article-title":"Randomized prospective double\u2010blind placebo\u2010controlled study of dextrose prolotherapy for knee osteoarthritis with or without ACL laxity","volume":"6","author":"Reeves KD","year":"2000","journal-title":"Altern Ther Health Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2015.08.412"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00776-014-0587-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmrj.2011.05.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546506294855"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/acm.2010.0031"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967118756576"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1959.03010150012003"}],"container-title":["Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjum.14727","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jum.14727","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,19]],"date-time":"2023-08-19T22:08:49Z","timestamp":1692482929000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jum.14727"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,31]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jum.14727"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jum.14727","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0278-4297","1550-9613"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0278-4297","type":"print"},{"value":"1550-9613","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-03-25","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-05-21","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-08-31","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}