{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T00:28:49Z","timestamp":1765758529471,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,21]],"date-time":"2018-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1537488000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"JCS Pharmaceuticals"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Ultrasound Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this cross\u2010sectional correlational study was to determine the association of pain with morphologic and inflammatory sonographic findings in patients with knee osteoarthritis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 113 participants with knee osteoarthritis were assessed using visual analog scale pain score and sonography. Ultrasound evaluation included morphologic changes (ie, articular cartilage degeneration, medial and lateral meniscal protrusion, and presence of osteophytes on the joint margins) and inflammatory changes (ie suprapatellar effusion and\/or synovitis, Baker cyst, superficial and deep infrapatellar effusion, pes anserine tendinopathy, and Hoffa panniculitis).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cluster analysis via Ward's method grouped patients with minimal pain (visual analog scale score, 0\u20134) and with substantial pain (visual analog scale score, 5\u201310). Stepwise logistic regression yielded 5 variables that significantly explained the variation in the probability of perceived substantial pain at 10% level of significance: lateral cartilage clarity (LCC; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.025), medial cartilage clarity (MCC; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.20), medial cartilage thickness (MCT; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.041), medial meniscus protrusion (MMP) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.029), and osteophytes at medial femoral margin (P\u2009=\u2009.082), with 63% overall prediction accuracy. When age and sex were added, 4 variables remained significant at a 10% level of significance: LCC, MCC, MCT, and MMP, with 65% overall prediction accuracy. The receiver operating characteristic curve of this model was 0.667.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study was able to demonstrate that morphologic abnormalities in the ultrasound parameters for LCC, MCC, MCT, and MMP were able to predict significant joint pain in knee osteoarthritis. There were no inflammatory changes that contributed to significant joint pain in this study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jum.14819","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,21]],"date-time":"2018-09-21T23:31:11Z","timestamp":1537572671000},"page":"1411-1423","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Stratifying Minimal Versus Severe Pain in Knee Osteoarthritis Using a Musculoskeletal Ultrasound Protocol"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7099-3234","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mary Monica","family":"Bernardo\u2010Bueno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation University of Santo Tomas Hospital"},{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital  Manila Philippines"},{"name":"East Avenue Medical Center Quezon City, Philippines College of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Santo Tomas  Manila Philippines"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8382-474X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Consuelo B.","family":"Gonzalez\u2010Suarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation University of Santo Tomas Hospital"},{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital  Manila Philippines"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea Kristina","family":"Malvar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation University of Santo Tomas Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ronald","family":"Cua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation University of Santo Tomas Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Feliciano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation University of Santo Tomas Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bee Giok","family":"Tan\u2010Sales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation University of Santo Tomas Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Svetlana Maris O.","family":"Aycardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Millicent","family":"Tan\u2010Ong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Osteoporosis University of Santo Tomas, Manila Philippines"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of Santo Tomas Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"De Los Reyes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of the Philippines, College of Statistics"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","unstructured":"Chronic rheumatic conditions. 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