{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T20:20:08Z","timestamp":1785874808054,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,5]],"date-time":"2020-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580860800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Samsung Medison Co., Ltd."}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Ultrasound Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To develop new fetal weight prediction models using automated fractional limb volume (FLV).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A prospective multicenter study measured fetal biometry within 4 to 7\u2009days of delivery. Three\u2010dimensional data acquisition included the automated FLV that was based on 50% of the humerus diaphysis (fractional arm volume [AVol]) or 50% of the femur diaphysis (fractional thigh volume [TVol]) length. A regression analysis provided population sample\u2013specific coefficients to develop 4 weight estimation models. Estimated and actual birth weights (BWs) were compared for the mean percent difference\u2009\u00b1\u2009standard deviation of the percent differences. Systematic errors were analyzed by the Student <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic> test, and random errors were compared by the Pitman test.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 328 pregnancies were scanned before delivery (BW range, 825\u20135470 g). Only 71.3% to 72.6% of weight estimations were within 10% of actual BW using original published models by Hadlock et al (<jats:italic>Am J Obstet Gynecol<\/jats:italic> 1985; 151:333\u2013337) and INTERGROWTH\u201021st (<jats:italic>Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol<\/jats:italic> 2017; 49:478\u2013486). All predictions were accurate by using sample\u2010specific model coefficients to minimize bias in making these comparisons (Hadlock, 0.4%\u2009\u00b1\u20098.7%; INTERGROWTH\u201021st, 0.5%\u2009\u00b1\u200910.0%; AVol, 0.3%\u2009\u00b1\u20097.4%; and TVol, 0.3%\u2009\u00b1\u20098.0%). Both AVol\u2010 and TVol\u2010based models improved the percentage of correctly classified BW \u00b110% in 83.2% and 83.9% of cases, respectively, compared to the INTERGROWTH\u201021st model (73.8%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.01). For BW of less than 2500 g, all models slightly overestimated BW (+2.0% to +3.1%). For BW of greater than 4000 g, AVol (\u20132.4%\u2009\u00b1\u20096.5%) and TVol (\u20132.3%\u2009\u00b1\u20096.9%) models) had weight predictions with small systematic errors that were not different from zero (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u2009.05). For these larger fetuses, both AVol and TVol models correctly classified BW (\u00b110%) in 83.3% and 87.5% of cases compared to the others (Hadlock, 79.2%; INTERGROWTH\u201021st, 70.8%) although these differences did not reach statistical significance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this cohort, the inclusion of automated FLV measurements with conventional 2\u2010dimensional biometry was generally associated with improved weight predictions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jum.15224","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,5]],"date-time":"2020-02-05T13:48:09Z","timestamp":1580910489000},"page":"1317-1324","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Fetal Weight Estimation Using Automated Fractional Limb Volume With 2\u2010Dimensional Size Parameters"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3516-6129","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wesley","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9788-5452","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lauren M.","family":"Mack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haleh","family":"Sangi\u2010Haghpeykar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajshi","family":"Gandhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingqing","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy P.","family":"Canavan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Magee\u2010Women's Hospital, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renata","family":"Gatina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diakovere Krankenhaus  Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralf L.","family":"Schild","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diakovere Krankenhaus  Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/30.6.1233"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07315724.2004.10719428"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.7327"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.11185"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7863\/ultra.15.09086"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7863\/ultra.16.08087"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.6319"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.181.1.1887021"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(85)90298-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.17347"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","volume-title":"The 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