{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T14:23:40Z","timestamp":1791296620914,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,29]],"date-time":"2020-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590710400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Ultrasound Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Lung ultrasound (LUS) has gained a primary role in the diagnosis and management of pleuropulmonary disorders in pediatric practice. However, normal and pathologic patterns are translated from adult studies and have never been specifically studied in children, particularly in infants. This was a prospective observational pilot study aiming to define the normal LUS pattern in healthy infants during the first 6\u2009months of life.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We recruited healthy neonates at 7 to 10\u2009days of life, and these were followed until the sixth month of life (times: 7\u201310\u2009days, 1\u2009month, 3\u2009months, and 6\u2009months). We excluded neonates with a gestational age before 33\u2009weeks and neonates with cardiac or lung abnormalities or diseases, immune deficiencies, metabolic or genetic conditions, and acute or chronic respiratory diseases. A LUS evaluation was performed by a single certified pediatrician. The chest wall was examined in 18 areas, addressing A\u2010lines, short and long B\u2010lines, pleural abnormalities, and subpleural consolidations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty\u2010seven neonates were enrolled and followed until the sixth month of life, 27 (73%) of whom were born at term (\u226537\u2009weeks) and 10 (27%) of whom were born preterm (33\u201336\u2009weeks). Most of the patients at 7 to 10\u2009days showed multiple B\u2010lines (long and short) with a progressive normalization toward a normal A pattern at 6\u2009months (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.00001; 95% confidence interval, 13.75\u201323.24). No infants showed subpleural consolidations or pleural abnormalities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study has implications for the interpretation of LUS during the first 6\u2009months of life. Most healthy infants show a diffuse pattern of vertical artifacts (B\u2010lines), and the LUS pattern tends to be similar to the physiologic pattern (A\u2010lines) after the sixth month of life. The only pathologic LUS findings were pleural irregularities and effusion and subpleural consolidations, which have never been described in healthy infants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jum.15347","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,29]],"date-time":"2020-05-29T07:34:21Z","timestamp":1590737661000},"page":"2379-2388","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Lung Ultrasound Pattern in Healthy Infants During the First 6\u2009Months of Life"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8567-2639","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danilo","family":"Buonsenso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS  Rome Italy"},{"name":"Istituto di Microbiologia Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore  Roma Italia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gino","family":"Soldati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound Unit, Valle del Serchio General Hospital  Lucca Italy"},{"name":"Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio  Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2430-9876","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonietta","family":"Curatola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto di Microbiologia Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore  Roma Italia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosa","family":"Morello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto di Microbiologia Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore  Roma Italia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5394-8335","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"De Rose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto di Microbiologia Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore  Roma Italia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Eugenia","family":"Vacca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto di Microbiologia Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore  Roma Italia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilaria","family":"Lazzareschi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS  Rome Italy"},{"name":"Istituto di Microbiologia Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore  Roma Italia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna Maria","family":"Musolino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Emergency Department Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piero","family":"Valentini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto di Microbiologia Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore  Roma Italia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-017-3910-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40477-019-00357-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2014-2833"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Neonatal lung diseases: lung ultrasound or chest X\u2010ray","volume":"20","author":"Liu J","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-019-03335-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ph.46.030184.003153"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02841850510021238"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-13078-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000368086"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2012.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-012-2513-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TUFFC.2019.2949597"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7863\/ultra.15.08023"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17476348.2019.1565997"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000260674.60761.85"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","unstructured":"GoriL.Lung ultrasound in infants with bronchiolitis: a multicentric prospective study. 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