{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T18:09:53Z","timestamp":1778695793382,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,29]],"date-time":"2022-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664409600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Ultrasound Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>What is the role of transvaginal sonography (TVS) in the early diagnosis of hectopic interstitial pregnancy (HIP) after in vitro fertilization\u2010embryo transfer (IVF\u2010ET)?<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective observational study was conducted from January 2005 to December 2018. Routine two\u2010dimensional and three\u2010dimensional TVS were used to confirm clinical pregnancy. Women were diagnosed with HIP when an intrauterine gestational sac was combined with an extrauterine chorionic sac, which was at least 1\u00a0cm away from the uterine cavity and surrounded by a thin myometrial layer (&lt;5\u2009mm). Surgery and pathology results were the gold standard for diagnosing interstitial pregnancy. Non\u2010surgical patients were excluded from the study. The performance of TVS and the pregnancy outcomes of intrauterine pregnancies (IUPs) were evaluated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 97,161 women underwent IVF treatment and TVS examinations in our hospital during this study. Of these, 194 patients were diagnosed with HIP, with an incidence of 0.2% (194\/97,161). Surgical and pathological findings confirmed 179 interstitial pregnancies, of which 174 were diagnosed by TVS, 4 were missed, and 1 was misdiagnosed. The sensitivity of TVS diagnosis was 97.8% and the positive predictive value was 99.4%. The mean time to diagnosis was 31\u2009days after transplantation. One hundred and thirty\u2010nine cases of HIP (77.7%) were diagnosed at the time of initial TVS examination. In 132 patients (73.7%), IUPs resulted in live births.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In our practice, most HIPs following IVF\u2010ET can be accurately diagnosed by TVS, which facilitates early management of interstitial pregnancies and enables high live birth rates for IUPs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jum.16103","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,29]],"date-time":"2022-09-29T12:25:01Z","timestamp":1664454301000},"page":"915-922","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Heterotopic Interstitial Pregnancy: Early Ultrasound Diagnosis of 179 Cases After In Vitro Fertilization\u2010Embryo Transfer"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0986-760X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xihong","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of 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China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC\u2010Xiangya  Changsha City China"},{"name":"Clinical Research Centre For Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province  Changsha City China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2006.03.073"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-018-1700-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","first-page":"467","article-title":"Management of cornual (interstitial) pregnancy","volume":"154","author":"Faraj R","year":"2007","journal-title":"Obstet 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