{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T16:16:30Z","timestamp":1787156190208,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,3]],"date-time":"2022-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664755200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Ultrasound Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"Objectives<\/jats:title>This study hypothesizes using color Doppler ultrasound to measure ureteral jet angles (UJA) as a diagnostic screening tool for reflux.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>The present prospective cohort study included 122 patients and 238 renal unit pediatric patients suspected of VUR who presented to our hospital between 2019 and 2021. All patients underwent ultrasonography and VCUG, and the UJA was measured color Doppler evaluation of the ureteral jet. The UJA was compared with the VCUG findings in patients with and without reflux. SPSS 26 was used to analyze the data.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>A total of 96 patients and 139 renal units exhibited reflux. The mean ureteral jet angle in refluxing units was 60.47\u2009+\u200916.66 degrees, whereas, it was 42.59\u2009+\u200913.26 degrees in non\u2010refluxing units, a significant difference between the two groups (P<\/jats:italic>\u2009<\u2009.001). The mean ureteral jet angle was 42.59, 45.89, 60.32, 68.23, and 56.16, for reflux grading from 0 to 5 (except grade 1), respectively. The angle value in each reflux grade increased significantly except for grade 5. For reflux detection (grade I\u2013V), a cut\u2010off angle of 50 degrees was associated with sensitivity and specificity of 70 and 79, respectively. Grade IV\/V reflux can be diagnosed with a sensitivity of 70% and specificity of 84% using a cut\u2010off angle of 68 degrees or greater.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>UJA detection via color Doppler ultrasound demonstrates high accuracy, is non\u2010invasive method can be utilized as an alternative primary diagnostic tool or in follow\u2010up cases of VUR in children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jum.16107","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,3]],"date-time":"2022-10-03T12:14:21Z","timestamp":1664799261000},"page":"723-728","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Color Doppler Ultrasound's Utility in Detecting Vesicoureteral Reflux Using the Ureteral Jet Angle"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Neda Enayati","family":"Zadeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, School of Medicine Zahedan University of Medical Sciences Zahedan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simin","family":"Sadeghi\u2010Bojd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children and Adolescents Health Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Science in Infectious Diseases Zahedan University of Medical Science's Zahedan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alireza","family":"Ansari\u2010Moghaddam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Promotion Research Center, School of Medicine Zahedan University of Medical Sciences Zahedan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amin","family":"Mashhadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, School of Medicine Zahedan University of Medical Sciences Zahedan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5008-1599","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohadeseh","family":"Zadehmir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, School of Medicine Zahedan University of Medical Sciences Zahedan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"10969","volume-title":"Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics (Edition 21)","author":"Elder 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