{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T22:12:35Z","timestamp":1791843155632,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,7]],"date-time":"2023-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688688000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Ultrasound Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the changes in the diameters of superior vena cava (SVC) and inferior vena cava (IVC) and to measure the ratio between SVC and IVC in growth\u2010restricted fetuses and compare these results with normally grown fetuses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010three consecutive patients with fetal growth restriction (FGR) (Group I) and 23 pregnant gestational age\u2010matched controls (Group II) between 24 and 37\u2009weeks of gestation were enrolled in the study between January 2018 and October 2018. The diameter of the SVC and IVC from inner wall to inner wall was measured in all patients by sonographic examination. The ratio between the diameter of the SVC and IVC was also measured in each patient to eliminate the gestational age factor. We have named this ratio the \u201cvena cava ratio\u201d (VCR). All parameters were compared between the two groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The diameter of the SVC was significantly greater in the fetuses with FGR (2.6\u20137.7 [5.4]) than in controls (3.2\u20135.6 [4.1]; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.002; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.01). The diameter of the IVC was significantly less in the fetuses with FGR (1.6\u20134.5 [3.2]) than in controls (2.7\u20135 [3.7]; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.035; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05). The VCR was between 1.1 and 2.3 and the median value was 1.8 in Group I. The VCR was between 0.8 and 1.7 and the median value was 1.2. VCR was significantly higher in fetuses with FGR (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.001 <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.01).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study shows that VCR is higher in fetuses with growth restriction. Further studies are needed to clarify the association between VCR and antenatal prognosis and postnatal results.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jum.16300","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,7]],"date-time":"2023-07-07T13:39:45Z","timestamp":1688737185000},"page":"2653-2659","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Evaluation of Inferior and Superior Vena Cava and the Vena Cava Ratio in Growth Restricted Fetuses"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3196-776X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"I\u015f\u0131l","family":"Uzun \u00c7ilingir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Halic University  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cenk","family":"Say\u0131n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Department of Perinatology Trakya University  Edirne Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Havva","family":"Sutcu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Department of Perinatology Trakya University  Edirne Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cihan","family":"\u0130nan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Department of Perinatology Trakya University  Edirne Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Selen","family":"Erzincan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Department of Perinatology Trakya University  Edirne Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F\u00fcsun","family":"Varol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Department of Perinatology Trakya University  Edirne Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(62)90007-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-5456(01)00222-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2016.10.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000357592"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","article-title":"Fetal and umbilical Doppler ultrasound in high\u2010risk pregnancies","author":"Alfirevic Z","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0960-7692.2002.00627.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000187540.37795.3a"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.297.6655.1026"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(90)90833-S"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.1906"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.6249"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e31820b0884"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.14818"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.7588"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.10150"}],"container-title":["Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jum.16300","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,16]],"date-time":"2023-10-16T07:06:03Z","timestamp":1697439963000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jum.16300"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,7]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jum.16300"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jum.16300","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0278-4297","1550-9613"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0278-4297","type":"print"},{"value":"1550-9613","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-10-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-06-16","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-07-07","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}