{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,2]],"date-time":"2026-08-02T08:18:03Z","timestamp":1785658683867,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,13]],"date-time":"2023-12-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702425600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Ultrasound Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aims to investigate and compare quantitative factors of the cesarean scar defect (CSD) in symptomatic patients with and without uterine adenomyosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study was conducted as a case\u2013control study. Patients who met the inclusion criteria were divided into two groups: with adenomyosis (case) and without adenomyosis (control). The demographic data, medical history, and sonohysterography findings were extracted from the patient's documents and archived images.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Result<\/jats:title><jats:p>During 2\u2009years, 310 symptomatic women with a history of previous cesarean section underwent sonohysterography. Among them, 204 patients met the inclusion criteria. The most common chief complaints were post\u2010menstrual bleeding (34.3%) and prolonged bleeding (27%). Cesarean scar depth and width significantly differed between these two groups, and patients with underlying adenomyosis had significantly larger defects (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2010value of .009 and .005, respectively). Mean RMT\/AMT ratio was 31.83% in the case group and 42.88% in the control group. In our study, RMT\/AMT ratios were significantly lower in the case group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2010value of .001). In addition, we performed analysis on a subgroup of patients with one prior cesarean section. Similar results were achieved with a lower RMT\/AMT ratio in case group (mean of 31.20% in case group and 46.47% in control group; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2010value of .000).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study showed a strong association between the presence of adenomyosis and larger clinically more significant CSDs. To establish a causative relationship, we suggest a prospective cohort study to follow up the patients and compare the evolution of CSD in patients with and without adenomyosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jum.16388","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,13]],"date-time":"2023-12-13T11:50:00Z","timestamp":1702468200000},"page":"553-560","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Evaluation of Association Between Adenomyosis and Cesarean Scar Defect"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3817-7827","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Shakki Katouli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center (ADIR) Tehran University of Medical Science  Tehran Iran"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Arash Women Hospital Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jayran","family":"Zebardast","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center (ADIR) Tehran University of Medical Science  Tehran Iran"},{"name":"Department of Cognitive Linguistics Institute for Cognitive Science Studies (ICSS)  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zahra","family":"Tavoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Ziaeeian Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leila","family":"Bayani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center (ADIR) Tehran University of Medical Science  Tehran Iran"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Arash Women Hospital Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fahimeh","family":"Azizinik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center (ADIR) Tehran University of Medical Science  Tehran Iran"},{"name":"Department of Radiology Yas and Amir\u2010Alam Hospitals, Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moein","family":"Moradpour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti Medical University  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reza","family":"Mardani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center (ADIR) Tehran University of Medical Science  Tehran Iran"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Arash Women Hospital Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Najme","family":"Meimani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center of Biomedical Technology and Robotics (RCBTR) Advanced Medical and Technologies and Equipment Institute (AMTEI), Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Somayeh","family":"Fathi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center (ADIR) Tehran University of Medical Science  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1676109"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13224-020-01370-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.7496"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.13199"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","first-page":"2695","article-title":"Why do niches develop in caesarean uterine scars? 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