{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T15:29:09Z","timestamp":1747150149729,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,3]],"date-time":"2024-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722643200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81974264"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81974264"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Ultrasound Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the feasibility of intraoperative transurethral contrast\u2010enhanced ultrasound for the assessment of male urethral fistulas.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients in a prospective database who underwent intraoperative two\u2010dimensional ultrasound, transurethral saline\u2010enhanced ultrasound, and contrast\u2010enhanced ultrasound between January 2017 and July 2022 were included. All patients were clinically diagnosed with urethral fistulae (UF) in the outpatient setting based on clinical presentations, traditional two\u2010dimensional ultrasound, and\/or other imaging modalities and confirmed during surgical repair. Dynamic videos of the scans were independently analyzed by two experienced ultrasonologists.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty\u2010nine patients with an average age of 51\u2009years were included. The UF were located in the anterior urethra in 22 (56.4%) patients and in the bulbar urethra in 14 (63.6%) patients. UF were located in the posterior urethra in 17 (436%) patients and in the prostatic urethra in 13 (76.5%) patients. Contrast\u2010enhanced ultrasonography revealed UF in all patients. In patients with anterior UF, saline\u2010enhanced ultrasound images did not show a UF in 15 (68.2%, 15\/22) patients, 13 (86.7%, 13\/15) of whom had fistulae with diameters &lt;3\u2009mm. Saline\u2010enhanced ultrasound images did not reveal posterior UF in 13 (76.5%, 13\/17) patients. The fistula diameters in eight (61.5%, 8\/13) patients were &lt;3\u2009mm. The duration for contrast\u2010enhanced ultrasonography was approximately 3\u2009minutes. The duration for surgical repair was approximately 2\u2009hours.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Transurethral contrast\u2010enhanced ultrasound is a real\u2010time, noninvasive, and radiation\u2010free method that allows intraoperative imaging and accurate assessment of male UF. Its sensitivity is higher than that of both two\u2010dimensional ultrasound and transurethral saline\u2010enhanced ultrasound. The location, size, and course of the fistulae can be clearly seen due to greater contrast during contrast\u2010enhanced ultrasound.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jum.16525","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,3]],"date-time":"2024-08-03T08:35:14Z","timestamp":1722674114000},"page":"1911-1918","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Contrast\u2010Enhanced Ultrasound: A Real\u2010Time, Noninvasive, Radiation\u2010Free Method for Intraoperative Male Urethral Fistula Assessment"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2764-8256","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qijie","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasound in Medicine Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasound in Medicine Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Shanghai Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasound in Medicine Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Shanghai Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-020-02679-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TA.0000152561.57646.80"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5489\/cuaj.5931"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2018.06.052"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00345-015-1597-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.06.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.286085501"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410x.2004.04805.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1677-5538.IBJU.2016.0252"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JU.0000000000002146"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(02)02146-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-410X.2002.02551.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2019.04.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9781003182023"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5070\/D3243038616"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2015.03.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.37549\/AR2627"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(02)01834-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5812\/numonthly.40371"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.234025097"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1677-5538.IBJU.2015.02.30"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/THC-161172"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","unstructured":"KitreyND Campos\u2010JuanateyF HallscheidtP SerafetinidisE SharmaDM WaterloosM.EAU guidelines on urological trauma.2022.https:\/\/uroweb.org\/guidelines\/urological-trauma. 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