{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T07:06:35Z","timestamp":1770275195959,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,21]],"date-time":"2025-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747785600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Ultrasound Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compare early pregnancy loss (EPL) rates in in vitro fertilization (IVF) versus non\u2010IVF pregnancies to determine whether IVF has an independent effect on first trimester outcome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study set consisted of all obstetrical ultrasounds at our institution over a 30\u2010year period demonstrating a singleton intrauterine pregnancy (confirmed by either yolk sac but no embryo, or embryo &lt;10\u2009mm with cardiac activity), with known first trimester outcome. We assessed EPL rates based on mode of conception, maternal age, vaginal bleeding, and initial ultrasound finding (yolk sac only or embryo). We compared IVF versus non\u2010IVF pregnancies with respect to EPL rate, maternal age, and vaginal bleeding. Most importantly, we used logistic regression analysis to determine whether IVF has an independent effect on loss rate, after controlling for age and bleeding.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study set consisted of 16,458 pregnancies, 1394 (8.5%) resulting from IVF and 15,064 (91.5%) non\u2010IVF. Overall EPL rate was 3348\/16,458 (20.3%) and was higher in IVF pregnancies, in women aged \u226535\u2009years, and with vaginal bleeding (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001, all comparisons). IVF pregnancies had higher maternal ages and were less likely to have vaginal bleeding as an indication for sonography. Logistic regression of mode of conception, maternal age, and bleeding as predictors of outcome demonstrated that mode of conception had no independent effect on outcome (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.33 for cases with yolk sac only, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.30 for cases with embryo).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>IVF has no impact on first trimester outcome. A woman pregnant via IVF has the same likelihood of miscarriage as a comparable woman with a non\u2010IVF pregnancy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jum.16728","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,21]],"date-time":"2025-05-21T08:38:48Z","timestamp":1747816728000},"page":"1783-1788","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Early Pregnancy Loss Rate in In Vitro Fertilization Versus Non\u2010<scp>IVF<\/scp> Pregnancies"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4264-2752","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter M.","family":"Doubilet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carol B.","family":"Benson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth S.","family":"Ginsburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"e199","article-title":"ACOG practice bulletin 200: early pregnancy loss","volume":"132","author":"American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists' Committee on Practice Bulletins\u2014Gynecology","year":"2018","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198807283190401"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(02)04694-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2024.07.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)58144-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/HUMREP\/11.2.406"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kws393"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","first-page":"1869","article-title":"Role of maternal age and pregnancy history in risk of miscarriage: prospective register\u2010based study","volume":"364","author":"Magnus MC","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jum.15971"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jum.16485"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.204"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e318163747c"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.320.7251.1708"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2006.01193.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01443610600984412"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.06.107"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deu053"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwm035"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2015.11.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1472-6483(10)60637-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-7844(03)00121-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deg308"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gocm.2022.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deh078"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)60013-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-2243(94)02036-e"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.182.2.1732970"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(12)90842-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","unstructured":"Miscarriage after IVF: When to Try Again.https:\/\/drsupriyapuranikivf.com\/blog\/miscarriage-after-ivf\/. 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