{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T14:08:42Z","timestamp":1784642922779,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]],"date-time":"2025-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748995200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010804","name":"Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010804","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Ultrasound Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the predictive ability of first\u2010trimester ultrasound measurements of maternal adiposity for predicting gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Abdominal adiposity measurements by transabdominal ultrasound were performed, including subcutaneous fat thickness (SFT), visceral fat thickness (VFT), and preperitoneal fat thickness (PFT), measured at 3 specific regions: the umbilicus, suprapubic area, and anterior surface of the liver. Two additional values were calculated based on these measurements: total abdominal fat thickness (TAT), which was determined as the sum of SFT1 and VFT, and body fat index (BFI), which was calculated using the formula: BFI\u2009=\u2009PFT (mm)\u2009\u00d7\u2009SFT3 (mm)\/maternal height (cm). Multiple logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis were used to evaluate the predictive ability.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 330 pregnant women were enrolled with a prevalence of GDM of 23.0%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that none of the fat parameters were significantly associated with GDM. However, for body mass index (BMI) \u226525\u2009kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, only the BFI showed a statistically significant association with GDM (odds ratio [OR] 2.75 [1.54\u20134.92]), with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.677. In the subgroup with BMI\u2009&lt;\u200923\u2009kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, only SFT at the umbilicus was significantly associated with GDM (OR 3.21 [1.08\u20139.53]) using a cut\u2010off value of \u226515.4\u2009mm, with a sensitivity of 73.7%, a negative predictive value of 93.8%, and an AUC of 0.668.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Both BFI and SFT at the umbilical region demonstrate moderate discriminatory predictive performance for this condition across BMI\u2010stratified subgroups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jum.16735","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]],"date-time":"2025-06-04T20:10:19Z","timestamp":1749067819000},"page":"1849-1857","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Maternal Adiposity in the First Trimester Pregnancy as a Predictor of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Nattraporn","family":"Srisovanna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University  Hat Yai Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noppasin","family":"Khwankaew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University  Hat Yai Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0234-0274","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ninlapa","family":"Pruksanusak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University  Hat Yai Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natthicha","family":"Chainarong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University  Hat Yai Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thitima","family":"Suntharasaj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University  Hat Yai Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8634-2359","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chitkasaem","family":"Suwanrath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University  Hat Yai Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Savitree","family":"Pranpanus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University  Hat Yai Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chusana","family":"Petpichetchian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University  Hat Yai Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manaphat","family":"Suksai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University  Hat Yai Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2022.155217"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-13-629"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.857930"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000471488"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0143779"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5114\/aoms.2014.44865"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare11091315"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","first-page":"B161","article-title":"Summary and recommendations of the fourth international workshop\u2010conference on gestational diabetes mellitus. The Organizing Committee","volume":"21","author":"Metzger BE","year":"1998","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4093\/dmj.2017.41.6.486"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2007.265"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc09-0290"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1701-2163(15)30409-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc15-2027"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1556\/1646.10.2018.01"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2017.09.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.14887"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13020493"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1479-828X.2012.01471.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.13758"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-013-0154-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000475988"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.13800"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2018.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","article-title":"The association between body fat index and gestational diabetes mellitus: a prospective cohort study","volume":"15","author":"Benchahong S","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0271068"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","first-page":"1492","article-title":"Evaluating the adipose tissue depth as a predictor factor for gestational diabetes in later pregnancy \u2013 a systematic review","volume":"11","author":"Salmen BM","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomedicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2020.1781808"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.orcp.2017.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2017.06.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954422412000054"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","first-page":"278","article-title":"Criteria for the oral glucose tolerance test in pregnancy","volume":"13","author":"O'Sullivan JB","year":"1964","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization International Association for the Study of Obesity International Obesity Task Force.The Asia Pacific Perspective: Redefining Obesity and its Treatment.https:\/\/iris.who.int\/handle\/10665\/206936. Accessed March 9 2025."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","volume-title":"Netter Atlas of Human Anatomy A System Approach","author":"Netter FH","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/db14-0877"}],"container-title":["Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jum.16735","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,10]],"date-time":"2025-09-10T12:24:59Z","timestamp":1757507099000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jum.16735"}},"subtitle":["A Prospective Cohort Study"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jum.16735"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jum.16735","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0278-4297","1550-9613"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0278-4297","type":"print"},{"value":"1550-9613","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-04-07","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-05-24","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-06-04","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}